महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-89, verse-39

तस्मिन्प्रविष्टे पृतनां शिनीनां प्रवरे रथे ।
भोजानीकं व्यतिक्रान्ते कथमासन्हि कौरवाः ॥३९॥

39. tasminpraviṣṭe pṛtanāṁ śinīnāṁ pravare rathe ,
bhojānīkaṁ vyatikrānte kathamāsanhi kauravāḥ.

39. tasmin praviṣṭe pṛtanām śinīnām pravere rathe
bhojānīkam vyatikrānte katham āsan hi kauravāḥ

39. śinīnām pravere rathe pṛtanām bhojānīkam
vyatikrānte tasmin praviṣṭe kauravāḥ hi katham āsan

39. When he had entered the army of the Śinis in his excellent chariot and passed through the Bhoja army, how, indeed, did the Kauravas fare?

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - to him (referring to Abhimanyu, based on broader context) (in that, on that, to him)

• प्रविष्टे (praviṣṭe) - when he had entered (having entered, being entered)

• पृतनाम् (pṛtanām) - into the army (army, battle, host)

• शिनीनाम् (śinīnām) - of the Śini warriors/clan (of the Śinis, belonging to the Śinis)

• प्रवेरे (pravere) - in his excellent (chariot) (in the excellent, in the chief)

• रथे (rathe) - in his chariot (in the chariot)

• भोजानीकम् (bhojānīkam) - the army of the Bhojas (the Bhoja army)

• व्यतिक्रान्ते (vyatikrānte) - when he had passed through (having crossed, having passed through, having overcome)

• कथम् (katham) - how? (how? in what manner? why?)

• आसन् (āsan) - they were (referring to the Kauravas) (they were)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for, because)

• कौरवाः (kauravāḥ) - the Kauravas (Duryodhana's side) (the Kauravas, descendants of Kuru)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - to him (referring to Abhimanyu, based on broader context) (in that, on that, to him)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Used in locative absolute construction.

प्रविष्टे (praviṣṭe) - when he had entered (having entered, being entered)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of praviṣṭa

praviṣṭa - entered, penetrated, gone into

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root viś with upasarga pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: In locative absolute construction.

पृतनाम् (pṛtanām) - into the army (army, battle, host)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pṛtanā

pṛtanā - army, battle, host

शिनीनाम् (śinīnām) - of the Śini warriors/clan (of the Śinis, belonging to the Śinis)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of śini

śini - name of an ancient king; a descendant of Śini

प्रवेरे (pravere) - in his excellent (chariot) (in the excellent, in the chief)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of pravara

pravara - excellent, chief, best, pre-eminent

रथे (rathe) - in his chariot (in the chariot)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

भोजानीकम् (bhojānīkam) - the army of the Bhojas (the Bhoja army)

(compound)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhoja+anīka)

• bhoja – name of a Yadava tribe/king; a liberal man
  proper noun (masculine)
• anīka – army, host, array
  noun (neuter)

व्यतिक्रान्ते (vyatikrānte) - when he had passed through (having crossed, having passed through, having overcome)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of vyatikrānta

vyatikrānta - passed over, transgressed, overcome, elapsed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kram with upasargas vi- and ati-

Prefixes: vi+ati

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: In locative absolute construction.

कथम् (katham) - how? (how? in what manner? why?)

(indeclinable)

Note: Interrogative adverb.

आसन् (āsan) - they were (referring to the Kauravas) (they were)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Imperfect

Root verb 'as' (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for, because)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

कौरवाः (kauravāḥ) - the Kauravas (Duryodhana's side) (the Kauravas, descendants of Kuru)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kaurava

kaurava - descendant of Kuru, a Kaurava

Derived from Kuru with patronymic suffix.