महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-89, verse-27

अर्जुनं समरे दृष्ट्वा सैन्धवस्याग्रतः स्थितम् ।
पुत्रो मम भृशं मूढः किं कार्यं प्रत्यपद्यत ॥२७॥

27. arjunaṁ samare dṛṣṭvā saindhavasyāgrataḥ sthitam ,
putro mama bhṛśaṁ mūḍhaḥ kiṁ kāryaṁ pratyapadyata.

27. arjunam samare dṛṣṭvā saindhavasya agrataḥ sthitam
putraḥ mama bhṛśam mūḍhaḥ kim kāryam pratyapadyata

27. mama putraḥ samare saindhavasya agrataḥ sthitam
arjunam dṛṣṭvā bhṛśam mūḍhaḥ kim kāryam pratyapadyata

27. When my son (Duryodhana) saw Arjuna standing in front of the Sindhu king (Jayadratha) in battle, he became exceedingly bewildered. What action did he then take?

Words meanings summery:

• अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - Arjuna

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in conflict

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• सैन्धवस्य (saindhavasya) - of Jayadratha (of the king of Sindhu)

• अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - in front, before, ahead

• स्थितम् (sthitam) - standing, situated, being

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - Duryodhana (son)

• मम (mama) - Dhritarashtra's (my, of me)

• भृशम् (bhṛśam) - exceedingly, greatly, very much

• मूढः (mūḍhaḥ) - bewildered, deluded, foolish

• किम् (kim) - what

• कार्यम् (kāryam) - action, deed, duty, task

• प्रत्यपद्यत (pratyapadyata) - undertook, resorted to, did

Words meanings and morphology

अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - Arjuna

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna, white, bright

समरे (samare) - in battle, in conflict

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, conflict

Prefix: sam

Root: mṛ (class 1)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

absolutive

from √dṛś + -tvā

Root: dṛś (class 1)

सैन्धवस्य (saindhavasya) - of Jayadratha (of the king of Sindhu)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of saindhava

saindhava - belonging to Sindhu, a king of Sindhu, a horse from Sindhu

adjective formed from Sindhu

अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - in front, before, ahead

(indeclinable)

from agra + -tas

स्थितम् (sthitam) - standing, situated, being

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sthita

sthita - standing, situated, firm, abiding

Past Passive Participle

from √sthā

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: It agrees with arjunam.

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - Duryodhana (son)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Refers to Duryodhana, Dhritarashtra's son.

मम (mama) - Dhritarashtra's (my, of me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

भृशम् (bhṛśam) - exceedingly, greatly, very much

(indeclinable)

Note: It acts as an adverb modifying mūḍhaḥ.

मूढः (mūḍhaḥ) - bewildered, deluded, foolish

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mūḍha

mūḍha - bewildered, foolish, infatuated

Past Passive Participle

from √muh

Root: muh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with putraḥ.

किम् (kim) - what

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Used here as an interrogative pronoun/adjective.

कार्यम् (kāryam) - action, deed, duty, task

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, duty, action, work

Gerundive

from √kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Can also be nominative, but accusative fits 'did what action'.

प्रत्यपद्यत (pratyapadyata) - undertook, resorted to, did

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of pratyapad

Imperfect, Middle Voice, 3rd Person, Singular

Prefixes: prati+apa

Root: pad (class 4)