महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-89, verse-34

व्यश्वनागरथान्दृष्ट्वा तत्र वीरान्सहस्रशः ।
धावमानान्रणे व्यग्रान्मन्ये शोचन्ति पुत्रकाः ॥३४॥

34. vyaśvanāgarathāndṛṣṭvā tatra vīrānsahasraśaḥ ,
dhāvamānānraṇe vyagrānmanye śocanti putrakāḥ.

34. vyaśvanāgarathān dṛṣṭvā tatra vīrān sahasraśaḥ
dhāvamānān raṇe vyagrān manye śocanti putrakāḥ

34. manye putrakāḥ tatra vyaśvanāgarathān vyagrān
sahasraśaḥ raṇe dhāvamānān vīrān dṛṣṭvā śocanti

34. I believe my sons are lamenting, having seen thousands of heroes there whose horses, elephants, and chariots are lost, running agitatedly and distressed in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• व्यश्वनागरथान् (vyaśvanāgarathān) - whose horses, elephants, and chariots are gone/lost

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, perceiving

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• वीरान् (vīrān) - heroes, brave ones, warriors

• सहस्रशः (sahasraśaḥ) - by thousands, in thousands

• धावमानान् (dhāvamānān) - running, fleeing

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat

• व्यग्रान् (vyagrān) - agitated, distressed, bewildered

• मन्ये (manye) - I think, I believe

• शोचन्ति (śocanti) - they lament, they grieve

• पुत्रकाः (putrakāḥ) - my (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's) sons (sons)

Words meanings and morphology

व्यश्वनागरथान् (vyaśvanāgarathān) - whose horses, elephants, and chariots are gone/lost

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vyaśvanāgaratha

vyaśvanāgaratha - deprived of horses, elephants, and chariots

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+aśva+nāga+ratha)

• vi – without, devoid of, gone
  indeclinable
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)
• nāga – elephant, snake
  noun (masculine)
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)

Note: modifies 'vīrān'

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, perceiving

(indeclinable)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: absolutive form

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

वीरान् (vīrān) - heroes, brave ones, warriors

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vīra

vīra - a hero, warrior, brave man

सहस्रशः (sahasraśaḥ) - by thousands, in thousands

(indeclinable)

formed from sahasra + śas suffix (denoting 'by way of', 'in numbers of')

Note: adverbial use

धावमानान् (dhāvamānān) - running, fleeing

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dhāvamāna

dhāvamāna - running, moving swiftly

Present Middle Participle

formed from root dhāv + śānac suffix

Root: dhāv (class 1)

Note: modifies 'vīrān'

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, combat, war

व्यग्रान् (vyagrān) - agitated, distressed, bewildered

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vyagra

vyagra - agitated, perplexed, distressed, busy, intent

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+agra)

• vi – away, apart, intensely
  indeclinable
• agra – front, tip, leading part
  noun (neuter)

Note: modifies 'vīrān'

मन्ये (manye) - I think, I believe

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of man

Root: man (class 4)

शोचन्ति (śocanti) - they lament, they grieve

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of śuc

Root: śuc (class 1)

पुत्रकाः (putrakāḥ) - my (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's) sons (sons)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of putraka

putraka - son (often used endearingly or diminutively)

Note: subject of 'śocanti'

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