महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-89, verse-31

दृष्ट्वा सेनां व्यतिक्रान्तां सात्वतेनार्जुनेन च ।
पलायमानांश्च कुरून्मन्ये शोचन्ति पुत्रकाः ॥३१॥

31. dṛṣṭvā senāṁ vyatikrāntāṁ sātvatenārjunena ca ,
palāyamānāṁśca kurūnmanye śocanti putrakāḥ.

31. dṛṣṭvā senām vyatikrāntām sātvatena arjunena
ca palāyamānān ca kurūn manye śocanti putrakāḥ

31. manye putrakāḥ sātvatena arjunena ca vyatikrāntām
senām ca palāyamānān kurūn dṛṣṭvā śocanti

31. I believe my sons are lamenting, having seen their army defeated by Sātvata (Kṛṣṇa) and Arjuna, and also the Kurus fleeing.

Words meanings summery:

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, perceiving

• सेनाम् (senām) - army

• व्यतिक्रान्ताम् (vyatikrāntām) - defeated, overcome, passed beyond

• सात्वतेन (sātvatena) - by Kṛṣṇa (by Sātvata)

• अर्जुनेन (arjunena) - by Arjuna

• च (ca) - and

• पलायमानान् (palāyamānān) - the fleeing Kuru soldiers (fleeing ones, those who are running away)

• च (ca) - and

• कुरून् (kurūn) - the warriors of the Kuru clan (Kurus)

• मन्ये (manye) - I think, I believe

• शोचन्ति (śocanti) - they lament, they grieve

• पुत्रकाः (putrakāḥ) - my (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's) sons (sons)

Words meanings and morphology

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, perceiving

(indeclinable)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: absolutive form

सेनाम् (senām) - army

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of senā

senā - army, host, forces

व्यतिक्रान्ताम् (vyatikrāntām) - defeated, overcome, passed beyond

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vyatikrānta

vyatikrānta - passed over, overcome, defeated

Past Passive Participle

formed from vi-ati-kram + kta (suffix)

Prefixes: vi+ati

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: modifies 'senām'

सात्वतेन (sātvatena) - by Kṛṣṇa (by Sātvata)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sātvata

sātvata - a descendant of Sātvata, Kṛṣṇa

Note: agent of defeat

अर्जुनेन (arjunena) - by Arjuna

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (name of a Pāṇḍava prince)

Note: agent of defeat

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: connects Sātvata and Arjuna

पलायमानान् (palāyamānān) - the fleeing Kuru soldiers (fleeing ones, those who are running away)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of palāyamāna

palāyamāna - fleeing, running away

Present Middle Participle

derived from the denominative verb palāyate (from parā + ā + i 'to go') with śānac suffix

Prefixes: parā+ā

Root: i (class 2)

Note: modifies 'kurūn'

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: connects 'vyatikrāntām senām' and 'palāyamānān kurūn'

कुरून् (kurūn) - the warriors of the Kuru clan (Kurus)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kuru

kuru - the name of an ancient royal dynasty; a member of the Kuru clan

मन्ये (manye) - I think, I believe

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of man

Root: man (class 4)

शोचन्ति (śocanti) - they lament, they grieve

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of śuc

Root: śuc (class 1)

पुत्रकाः (putrakāḥ) - my (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's) sons (sons)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of putraka

putraka - son (often used endearingly or diminutively)

Note: subject of 'śocanti'