महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-89, verse-29

सर्वशस्त्रातिगौ सेनां प्रविष्टौ रथसत्तमौ ।
दृष्ट्वा कां वै धृतिं युद्धे प्रत्यपद्यन्त मामकाः ॥२९॥

29. sarvaśastrātigau senāṁ praviṣṭau rathasattamau ,
dṛṣṭvā kāṁ vai dhṛtiṁ yuddhe pratyapadyanta māmakāḥ.

29. sarvaśastrātīgai senām praviṣṭau rathasattamau
dṛṣṭvā kām vai dhṛtim yuddhe pratyapadyanta māmakāḥ

29. māmakāḥ senām praviṣṭau sarvaśastrātīgai rathasattamau dṛṣṭvā,
yuddhe vai kām dhṛtim pratyapadyanta

29. When my people (the Kauravas) saw the two supreme charioteers (Arjuna and Krishna), who surpass all others in their mastery of weapons, enter the army, what fortitude did they then display in battle?

Words meanings summery:

• सर्वशस्त्रातीगै (sarvaśastrātīgai) - who surpass all others in their mastery of weapons (surpassing all weapons)

• सेनाम् (senām) - army, host

• प्रविष्टौ (praviṣṭau) - having entered

• रथसत्तमौ (rathasattamau) - Arjuna and Krishna (two best of charioteers)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• काम् (kām) - what, which

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, particle of emphasis

• धृतिम् (dhṛtim) - fortitude, courage, resolve

• युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle, in combat

• प्रत्यपद्यन्त (pratyapadyanta) - undertook, resorted to, displayed, showed

• मामकाः (māmakāḥ) - the Kauravas (Dhritarashtra's sons and their allies) (my people, my sons)

Words meanings and morphology

सर्वशस्त्रातीगै (sarvaśastrātīgai) - who surpass all others in their mastery of weapons (surpassing all weapons)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of sarvaśastrātiga

sarvaśastrātiga - surpassing all weapons, superior in all weapons

Compound type : tatpurusha (sarva+śastra+atiga)

• sarva – all, every
  pronoun (masculine)
• śastra – weapon, instrument
  noun (neuter)
• atiga – going beyond, surpassing
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun/derivative adjective
  from ati + √gam
  Prefix: ati
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with rathasattamau.

सेनाम् (senām) - army, host

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of senā

senā - army, host, forces

प्रविष्टौ (praviṣṭau) - having entered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of praviṣṭa

praviṣṭa - entered, gone in, penetrated

Past Passive Participle

from pra + √viś

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Agrees with rathasattamau.

रथसत्तमौ (rathasattamau) - Arjuna and Krishna (two best of charioteers)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of rathasattama

rathasattama - best of charioteers, most excellent warrior in a chariot

Compound type : tatpurusha (ratha+sattama)

• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  superlative of sat (good)

Note: Refers to Arjuna and Krishna.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

absolutive

from √dṛś + -tvā

Root: dṛś (class 1)

काम् (kām) - what, which

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Agrees with dhṛtim.

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, particle of emphasis

(indeclinable)

धृतिम् (dhṛtim) - fortitude, courage, resolve

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dhṛti

dhṛti - firmness, constancy, resolve, courage, fortitude

from √dhṛ

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, war, fight

from √yudh

Root: yudh (class 4)

प्रत्यपद्यन्त (pratyapadyanta) - undertook, resorted to, displayed, showed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of pratyapad

Imperfect, Middle Voice, 3rd Person, Plural

Prefixes: prati+apa

Root: pad (class 4)

मामकाः (māmakāḥ) - the Kauravas (Dhritarashtra's sons and their allies) (my people, my sons)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of māmaka

māmaka - my, mine, belonging to me, my people

from mama + -ka

Note: The subject of pratyapadyanta.

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