महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-121, verse-9

तथा सर्वा दिशो राजन्सर्वांश्च रथिनो रणे ।
आकुलीकृत्य कौन्तेयो जयद्रथमुपाद्रवत् ।
विव्याध च चतुःषष्ट्या शराणां नतपर्वणाम् ॥९॥

9. tathā sarvā diśo rājansarvāṁśca rathino raṇe ,
ākulīkṛtya kaunteyo jayadrathamupādravat ,
vivyādha ca catuḥṣaṣṭyā śarāṇāṁ nataparvaṇām.

9. tathā sarvāḥ diśaḥ rājan sarvān ca
rathinaḥ raṇe ākulīkṛtya kaunteyaḥ
jayadratham upādravat vivyādha ca
catuḥṣaṣṭyā śarāṇām nataparvaṇām

9. rājan,
tathā kaunteyaḥ raṇe sarvāḥ diśaḥ sarvān ca rathinaḥ ākulīkṛtya jayadratham upādravat ca catuḥṣaṣṭyā nataparvaṇām śarāṇām vivyādha

9. O king, thus, having thrown all directions and all charioteers in battle into disarray, the son of Kunti rushed towards Jayadratha and pierced him with sixty-four well-feathered arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• तथा (tathā) - thus, in this manner (thus, so, in that manner)

• सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all (all, every)

• दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions (direction, quarter)

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• सर्वान् (sarvān) - all (all, every)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• रथिनः (rathinaḥ) - charioteers (charioteer, warrior in a chariot)

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in war)

• आकुलीकृत्य (ākulīkṛtya) - having thrown into disarray (having confused, having agitated, having thrown into disarray)

• कौन्तेयः (kaunteyaḥ) - son of Kunti (Arjuna) (son of Kunti)

• जयद्रथम् (jayadratham) - Jayadratha (Jayadratha (proper name))

• उपाद्रवत् (upādravat) - rushed towards (rushed towards, attacked, approached)

• विव्याध (vivyādha) - pierced (pierced, struck, hit)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• चतुःषष्ट्या (catuḥṣaṣṭyā) - with sixty-four

• शराणाम् (śarāṇām) - of arrows

• नतपर्वणाम् (nataparvaṇām) - of well-feathered (arrows) (of bent-jointed, of well-feathered (arrows))

Words meanings and morphology

तथा (tathā) - thus, in this manner (thus, so, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all (all, every)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Pronominal adjective.

Note: Modifies diśaḥ.

दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions (direction, quarter)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of diś

diś - direction, quarter of the sky, region

Root noun.

Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Object of ākulīkṛtya (implied).

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

N-stem noun.

Root: rāj

Note: Address to Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

सर्वान् (sarvān) - all (all, every)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Pronominal adjective.

Note: Modifies rathinaḥ.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

रथिनः (rathinaḥ) - charioteers (charioteer, warrior in a chariot)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of rathin

rathin - charioteer, warrior (riding in a chariot), possessing a chariot

Derived from ratha (chariot) with suffix -in.

Note: Object of ākulīkṛtya (implied).

रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in war)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, conflict, joy

Root: raṇ (class 1)

आकुलीकृत्य (ākulīkṛtya) - having thrown into disarray (having confused, having agitated, having thrown into disarray)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from verbal root kṛ (to do, make) with ākulī (confused) as a noun/adverb turned into a compound (ākulī-bhū/kṛ). The suffix -ya is for absolutive with a prefix.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Modifies the action of kaunteyaḥ.

कौन्तेयः (kaunteyaḥ) - son of Kunti (Arjuna) (son of Kunti)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaunteya

kaunteya - son of Kunti, relating to Kunti

Taddhita derivation from Kuntī.

Note: Subject of the verbs upādravat and vivyādha.

जयद्रथम् (jayadratham) - Jayadratha (Jayadratha (proper name))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jayadratha

jayadratha - Jayadratha (name of a king, son-in-law of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

Note: Object of upādravat.

उपाद्रवत् (upādravat) - rushed towards (rushed towards, attacked, approached)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of upādrav

Imperfect (past tense)

Derived from root dru (to run) with upasarga upā (upa + ā). Augmented (a-) prefix for imperfect.

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: dru (class 1)

विव्याध (vivyādha) - pierced (pierced, struck, hit)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vyādh

Perfect (past tense)

Root vyadh. Reduplicated perfect. The 'vi' part is often considered inherent to the root or a separable prefix depending on the analysis, but here treated as part of the primary root form.

Root: vyadh (class 4)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

चतुःषष्ट्या (catuḥṣaṣṭyā) - with sixty-four

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of catuḥṣaṣṭi

catuḥṣaṣṭi - sixty-four

Compound number.

Compound type : dvandva (catur+ṣaṣṭi)

• catur – four
  numeral
• ṣaṣṭi – sixty
  numeral (feminine)

Note: Used as an instrument for piercing.

शराणाम् (śarāṇām) - of arrows

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed

Root: śṝ (class 9)

Note: Qualifies catuḥṣaṣṭyā.

नतपर्वणाम् (nataparvaṇām) - of well-feathered (arrows) (of bent-jointed, of well-feathered (arrows))

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of nataparvan

nataparvan - having bent joints, well-feathered (said of arrows), having soft knots

Bahuvrīhi compound. nata (bent) + parvan (joint, knot, feather).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nata+parvan)

• nata – bent, bowed, humbled
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root nam (to bend).
  Root: nam (class 1)
• parvan – joint, knot, section, feather (of an arrow)
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies śarāṇām.