महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-121, verse-44

ततो वादित्रघोषेण स्वान्योधानभिहर्षयन् ।
अभ्यवर्तत संग्रामे भारद्वाजं युयुत्सया ॥४४॥

44. tato vāditraghoṣeṇa svānyodhānabhiharṣayan ,
abhyavartata saṁgrāme bhāradvājaṁ yuyutsayā.

44. tataḥ vāditraghoṣeṇa svān yodhān abhiharṣayan
abhyavartata saṅgrāme bhāradvājaṃ yuyutsayā

44. tataḥ vāditraghoṣeṇa svān yodhān abhiharṣayan
yuyutsayā saṅgrāme bhāradvājaṃ abhyavartata

44. Then, gladdening his own warriors with the sound of musical instruments, he advanced into battle towards Bhāradvāja (Drona) with the desire to fight.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter (then, thereafter, from that)

• वादित्रघोषेण (vāditraghoṣeṇa) - by the sound of musical instruments

• स्वान् (svān) - his own

• योधान् (yodhān) - warriors

• अभिहर्षयन् (abhiharṣayan) - gladdening, encouraging (gladdening, encouraging, delighting)

• अभ्यवर्तत (abhyavartata) - he advanced (he advanced, he turned towards, he proceeded)

• सङ्ग्रामे (saṅgrāme) - in battle (in battle, in combat)

• भारद्वाजं (bhāradvājaṁ) - Bhāradvāja (Drona) (Bhāradvāja (a patronymic, referring to Drona))

• युयुत्सया (yuyutsayā) - with the desire to fight (with the desire to fight, intending to fight)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter (then, thereafter, from that)

(indeclinable)

वादित्रघोषेण (vāditraghoṣeṇa) - by the sound of musical instruments

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vāditraghoṣa

vāditraghoṣa - sound of musical instruments

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vāditra+ghoṣa)

• vāditra – musical instrument
  noun (neuter)
• ghoṣa – sound, noise, proclamation
  noun (masculine)

स्वान् (svān) - his own

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sva

sva - own, one's own, self

योधान् (yodhān) - warriors

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of yodha

yodha - warrior, fighter

अभिहर्षयन् (abhiharṣayan) - gladdening, encouraging (gladdening, encouraging, delighting)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhiharṣayat

abhiharṣayat - gladdening, causing to rejoice

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root 'hṛṣ' (to be glad) with the upasarga 'abhi', forming a causative stem 'harṣaya', and then the present active participle.

Prefix: abhi

Root: hṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with the implied subject (e.g., Duryodhana).

अभ्यवर्तत (abhyavartata) - he advanced (he advanced, he turned towards, he proceeded)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of abhi-vṛt

Imperfect, Middle Voice

Root 'vṛt' with upasarga 'abhi', 3rd person singular, imperfect tense, middle voice.

Prefix: abhi

Root: vṛt (class 1)

सङ्ग्रामे (saṅgrāme) - in battle (in battle, in combat)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṅgrāma

saṅgrāma - battle, war, combat

Prefix: sam

Root: gram

भारद्वाजं (bhāradvājaṁ) - Bhāradvāja (Drona) (Bhāradvāja (a patronymic, referring to Drona))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhāradvāja

bhāradvāja - descendant of Bharadvāja; often refers to Drona in Mahabharata

युयुत्सया (yuyutsayā) - with the desire to fight (with the desire to fight, intending to fight)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of yuyutsā

yuyutsā - desire to fight

Desiderative nominalization

Derived from the desiderative stem of the root 'yudh' (to fight).

Root: yudh (class 4)