महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-121, verse-39

ततस्तस्य नरेन्द्रस्य पुत्रमूर्धनि भूतलम् ।
गते तस्यापि शतधा मूर्धागच्छदरिंदम ॥३९॥

39. tatastasya narendrasya putramūrdhani bhūtalam ,
gate tasyāpi śatadhā mūrdhāgacchadariṁdama.

39. tataḥ tasya narendrasya putramūrdhani bhūtalam
gate tasya api śatadhā mūrdhā agacchat arimdam

39. arimdam tataḥ tasya narendrasya putramūrdhani bhūtalam gate,
tasya api mūrdhā śatadhā agacchat

39. O subduer of enemies (ariṃdama), then, once that king's (Vṛddhakṣatra's) son's head had fallen to the ground, his (Vṛddhakṣatra's) own head also immediately split into a hundred pieces.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon (then, therefrom, therefore)

• तस्य (tasya) - of that (Vṛddhakṣatra) (of him, of that)

• नरेन्द्रस्य (narendrasya) - of the king (Vṛddhakṣatra) (of the king, of the lord of men)

• पुत्रमूर्धनि (putramūrdhani) - when the son's head (Jayadratha's) (on the son's head)

• भूतलम् (bhūtalam) - to the ground (surface of the earth, ground)

• गते (gate) - having gone/fallen (to the ground) (having gone, fallen)

• तस्य (tasya) - of him (Vṛddhakṣatra) (of him, of that)

• अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

• शतधा (śatadhā) - into a hundred pieces (into a hundred parts, a hundredfold)

• मूर्धा (mūrdhā) - (Vṛddhakṣatra's) head (head)

• अगच्छत् (agacchat) - went, split, fell (went, proceeded, moved)

• अरिम्दम् (arimdam) - O subduer of enemies (addressed to a listener, e.g., Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O subduer of enemies)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon (then, therefrom, therefore)

(indeclinable)

Ablative suffix from pronoun `tad`.

तस्य (tasya) - of that (Vṛddhakṣatra) (of him, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Vṛddhakṣatra.

नरेन्द्रस्य (narendrasya) - of the king (Vṛddhakṣatra) (of the king, of the lord of men)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of narendra

narendra - king, lord of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+indra)

• nara – man, human
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, lord
  noun (masculine)

Note: Epithet for Vṛddhakṣatra.

पुत्रमूर्धनि (putramūrdhani) - when the son's head (Jayadratha's) (on the son's head)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of putramūrdhan

putramūrdhan - son's head

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (putra+mūrdhan)

• putra – son
  noun (masculine)
• mūrdhan – head
  noun (masculine)

Note: Part of a locative absolute phrase.

भूतलम् (bhūtalam) - to the ground (surface of the earth, ground)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhūtala

bhūtala - surface of the earth, ground

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhū+tala)

• bhū – earth
  noun (feminine)
• tala – surface, ground, plain
  noun (neuter)

Note: Indicates destination, governing `gate`.

गते (gate) - having gone/fallen (to the ground) (having gone, fallen)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, moved, attained

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `gam` (to go) with `kta` suffix.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Part of a locative absolute phrase: 'when [the head] had gone...'

तस्य (tasya) - of him (Vṛddhakṣatra) (of him, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Vṛddhakṣatra.

अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

शतधा (śatadhā) - into a hundred pieces (into a hundred parts, a hundredfold)

(indeclinable)

Formed from `śata` (hundred) with the suffix `dhā`.

मूर्धा (mūrdhā) - (Vṛddhakṣatra's) head (head)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mūrdhan

mūrdhan - head, skull, summit

Note: Subject of 'agacchat'.

अगच्छत् (agacchat) - went, split, fell (went, proceeded, moved)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of gam

Imperfect (laṅ), 3rd person singular.

Root: gam (class 1)

अरिम्दम् (arimdam) - O subduer of enemies (addressed to a listener, e.g., Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O subduer of enemies)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of ariṃdama

ariṁdama - subduer of enemies, vanquisher of foes

Derived from `ari` (enemy) and root `dam` (to subdue) with the suffix `khaś`.

Compound type : upapada-samāsa (ari+dam)

• ari – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• dam – subduing, taming
  nominal derivative
  verbal root used as a part of a compound
  Root: dam (class 4)