महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-84, verse-31

एवमेते महेष्वासाः पुत्रास्तव विशां पते ।
भ्रातॄन्संदृश्य निहतान्प्रास्मरंस्ते हि तद्वचः ॥३१॥

31. evamete maheṣvāsāḥ putrāstava viśāṁ pate ,
bhrātṝnsaṁdṛśya nihatānprāsmaraṁste hi tadvacaḥ.

31. evam ete maheṣvāsāḥ putrāḥ tava viśām pate
bhrātṝn saṃdṛśya nihatān prāsmaran te hi tat vacaḥ

31. evam viśām pate,
tava ete maheṣvāsāḥ putrāḥ bhrātṝn nihatān saṃdṛśya hi tat vacaḥ prāsmaran

31. Thus, O ruler of men (viśāṃ pate), these sons of yours, who are great archers, indeed remembered that advice after seeing their brothers slain.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this way, so

• एते (ete) - these (masculine plural)

• महेष्वासाः (maheṣvāsāḥ) - great archers, those with great bows

• पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons

• तव (tava) - your, yours

• विशाम् (viśām) - of the people, of men

• पते (pate) - O lord, O master

• भ्रातॄन् (bhrātṝn) - brothers

• संदृश्य (saṁdṛśya) - having seen, after seeing, perceiving

• निहतान् (nihatān) - killed, slain

• प्रास्मरन् (prāsmaran) - they remembered

• ते (te) - they

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely (emphasizing the remembrance) (indeed, surely, for, because)

• तत् (tat) - that (neuter)

• वचः (vacaḥ) - the advice given earlier by Vidura (word, speech, advice)

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this way, so

(indeclinable)

एते (ete) - these (masculine plural)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Refers to 'putrāḥ'.

महेष्वासाः (maheṣvāsāḥ) - great archers, those with great bows

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of maheṣvāsa

maheṣvāsa - great archer, having a great bow

Bahuvrīhi compound: mahat (great) + iṣu (arrow) + āsa (bow, from as to throw)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahat+iṣu+āsa)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective (neuter)
• iṣu – arrow
  noun (masculine)
  Root: iṣ (class 6)
• āsa – bow (throwing implement)
  noun (masculine)
  From root as (to throw)
  Root: as (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'putrāḥ'.

पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Subject of 'prāsmaran'.

तव (tava) - your, yours

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Genitive singular of 'yuṣmad'

Note: Possessive, 'your sons'.

विशाम् (viśām) - of the people, of men

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of viś

viś - people, subjects, men, settlement

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Part of vocative compound 'viśām pate'.

पते (pate) - O lord, O master

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - master, lord, husband, owner

Note: Part of vocative compound 'viśām pate', addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

भ्रातॄन् (bhrātṝn) - brothers

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

Note: Object of 'saṃdṛśya'.

संदृश्य (saṁdṛśya) - having seen, after seeing, perceiving

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root dṛś (to see) with prefix sam.

Prefix: sam

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Indicates an action completed before the main verb 'prāsmaran'.

निहतान् (nihatān) - killed, slain

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of nihata

nihata - killed, slain, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

From root han (to strike, kill) with prefix ni.

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Predicate adjective to 'bhrātṝn'.

प्रास्मरन् (prāsmaran) - they remembered

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of smṛ

Imperfect (Laṅ) 3rd person plural active, with prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: smṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'putrāḥ'.

ते (te) - they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it, they

Demonstrative pronoun, nominative plural masculine

Note: Emphatic, repeating the subject.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely (emphasizing the remembrance) (indeed, surely, for, because)

(indeclinable)

Particle

तत् (tat) - that (neuter)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Demonstrative pronoun, nominative/accusative singular neuter

Note: Object of 'prāsmaran'.

वचः (vacaḥ) - the advice given earlier by Vidura (word, speech, advice)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying, advice

s-stem noun.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'prāsmaran'.