महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-84, verse-24

स शरः पण्डितं हत्वा विवेश धरणीतलम् ।
यथा नरं निहत्याशु भुजगः कालचोदितः ॥२४॥

24. sa śaraḥ paṇḍitaṁ hatvā viveśa dharaṇītalam ,
yathā naraṁ nihatyāśu bhujagaḥ kālacoditaḥ.

24. saḥ śaraḥ paṇḍitam hatvā viveśa dharaṇītalam
yathā naram nihatya āśu bhujagaḥ kālacoditaḥ

24. saḥ śaraḥ paṇḍitam hatvā dharaṇītalam viveśa yathā
kālacoditaḥ bhujagaḥ naram nihatya āśu (viveśati)

24. That arrow, having slain Paṇḍita, penetrated the surface of the earth, just as a serpent (bhujaga), impelled by fate (kāla), swiftly kills a man and then disappears into the ground.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - that (arrow) (that, he, it)

• शरः (śaraḥ) - the arrow (arrow, reed)

• पण्डितम् (paṇḍitam) - the warrior Paṇḍita (Paṇḍita (name of a warrior))

• हत्वा (hatvā) - having slain (having killed, having struck)

• विवेश (viveśa) - it penetrated (it entered, he entered)

• धरणीतलम् (dharaṇītalam) - the surface of the earth (the surface of the earth, the ground)

• यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, according to)

• नरम् (naram) - a man (a man, a person)

• निहत्य (nihatya) - having killed (having killed, having struck down)

• आशु (āśu) - swiftly (quickly, swiftly, immediately)

• भुजगः (bhujagaḥ) - a serpent (a snake, a serpent)

• कालचोदितः (kālacoditaḥ) - impelled by fate (impelled by time, driven by fate)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - that (arrow) (that, he, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, it, he, she

Note: Refers to 'śaraḥ'.

शरः (śaraḥ) - the arrow (arrow, reed)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śara

śara - arrow, reed

Note: Subject of 'viveśa'.

पण्डितम् (paṇḍitam) - the warrior Paṇḍita (Paṇḍita (name of a warrior))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of paṇḍita

paṇḍita - learned, wise, scholar, a name

Note: Object of 'hatvā'.

हत्वा (hatvā) - having slain (having killed, having struck)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form of the root √han (class 2)

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Indicates an action completed before the main verb.

विवेश (viveśa) - it penetrated (it entered, he entered)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of viś

Perfect

3rd person, singular, active voice, root √viś (class 6) with upasarga 'vi'

Prefix: vi

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Main verb for the arrow's action.

धरणीतलम् (dharaṇītalam) - the surface of the earth (the surface of the earth, the ground)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dharaṇītala

dharaṇītala - the surface of the earth, the ground

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharaṇī+tala)

• dharaṇī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• tala – surface, plain, bottom
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of 'viveśa'.

यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, according to)

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a comparison.

नरम् (naram) - a man (a man, a person)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, person, male, hero

Note: Object of 'nihatya'.

निहत्य (nihatya) - having killed (having killed, having struck down)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form of the root √han (class 2) with upasarga 'ni'

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Indicates an action completed before the implied main verb for the snake.

आशु (āśu) - swiftly (quickly, swiftly, immediately)

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies 'nihatya'.

भुजगः (bhujagaḥ) - a serpent (a snake, a serpent)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhujaga

bhujaga - a snake, a serpent (lit. 'moving on its arm/shoulder')

Compound type : bahuvrihi (bhuja+ga)

• bhuja – arm, hand, coil
  noun (masculine)
• ga – going, moving, moving along
  adjective
  Suffix -ga derived from √gam 'to go'
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Subject in the comparative clause.

कालचोदितः (kālacoditaḥ) - impelled by fate (impelled by time, driven by fate)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kālacodita

kālacodita - impelled by time, driven by fate/destiny

Compound type : tatpurusha (kāla+codita)

• kāla – time, destiny, fate, death
  noun (masculine)
• codita – impelled, urged, sent, directed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of √cud (to impel, urge)
  Root: cud (class 10)

Note: Adjective modifying 'bhujagaḥ'.