महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-84, verse-13

क्षुरप्रेण सुतीक्ष्णेन स हतो न्यपतद्भुवि ।
हते तस्मिन्महाराज तव पुत्रे महारथे ।
नामृष्यन्त रणे शूराः सोदर्याः सप्त संयुगे ॥१३॥

13. kṣurapreṇa sutīkṣṇena sa hato nyapatadbhuvi ,
hate tasminmahārāja tava putre mahārathe ,
nāmṛṣyanta raṇe śūrāḥ sodaryāḥ sapta saṁyuge.

13. kṣurapreṇa sutīkṣṇena saḥ hataḥ
nyapatat bhuvi | hate tasmin mahārāja
tava putre mahārathe | na amṛṣyanta
raṇe śūrāḥ sodaryāḥ sapta saṃyuge

13. su-tīkṣṇena kṣurapreṇa hataḥ saḥ bhuvi nyapatat mahārāja,
tasmin tava mahārathe putre hate (sati),
sapta śūrāḥ sodaryāḥ raṇe saṃyuge na amṛṣyanta

13. Struck by a very sharp razor-like arrow, he (your son) fell to the ground. O great king, when that great charioteer, your son, was killed, the seven brave uterine brothers did not tolerate it in the conflict.

Words meanings summery:

• क्षुरप्रेण (kṣurapreṇa) - with a razor-sharp arrow

• सुतीक्ष्णेन (sutīkṣṇena) - very sharp (with a very sharp, exceedingly keen)

• सः (saḥ) - he (the son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (he, that)

• हतः (hataḥ) - struck (by the arrow) (struck, killed, slain)

• न्यपतत् (nyapatat) - fell (to the ground) (fell down)

• भुवि (bhuvi) - to the ground (on the ground, on the earth)

• हते (hate) - when killed, having been killed

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that, in him

• महाराज (mahārāja) - Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O great king)

• तव (tava) - your, of you

• पुत्रे (putre) - your son (in locative absolute) (in the son, when the son)

• महारथे (mahārathe) - the great charioteer (in locative absolute) (in the great charioteer, when the great charioteer)

• न (na) - not, no

• अमृष्यन्त (amṛṣyanta) - they did not tolerate (this situation) (they did not tolerate, they were not patient)

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

• शूराः (śūrāḥ) - brave warriors (brave, heroic warriors)

• सोदर्याः (sodaryāḥ) - (Duryodhana's) brothers (uterine brothers, brothers)

• सप्त (sapta) - seven

• संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in the conflict (in the conflict, in the battle)

Words meanings and morphology

क्षुरप्रेण (kṣurapreṇa) - with a razor-sharp arrow

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kṣurapra

kṣurapra - razor-edged arrow, dart

Compound type : karmadhāraya (kṣura+pra)

• kṣura – razor, knife
  noun (masculine)
• pra – arrow, dart, or prefix implying 'forward, intense'
  noun (masculine)

Note: Instrument of striking.

सुतीक्ष्णेन (sutīkṣṇena) - very sharp (with a very sharp, exceedingly keen)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sutīkṣṇa

sutīkṣṇa - very sharp, exceedingly keen, highly acute

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+tīkṣṇa)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
• tīkṣṇa – sharp, keen, pointed
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Agrees with kṣurapreṇa.

सः (saḥ) - he (the son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

हतः (hataḥ) - struck (by the arrow) (struck, killed, slain)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - struck, killed, slain, injured

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root han (to strike, kill)

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'saḥ'.

न्यपतत् (nyapatat) - fell (to the ground) (fell down)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pat

Imperfect Active Indicative

3rd person singular, class 1 Parasmaipada verb, with augment 'a' and prefix ni-

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Augment 'a' of imperfect tense combines with 'ni' to form 'nya'.

भुवि (bhuvi) - to the ground (on the ground, on the earth)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhū

bhū - earth, ground, land

Note: Place where he fell.

हते (hate) - when killed, having been killed

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - killed, struck, slain

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root han (to strike, kill)

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Used in locative absolute construction, meaning 'when (he) was killed'.

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that, in him

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he

Note: Refers to 'putre' (son).

महाराज (mahārāja) - Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārājan

mahārājan - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

तव (tava) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Note: Possessive pronoun modifying 'putre'.

पुत्रे (putre) - your son (in locative absolute) (in the son, when the son)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Forms part of the locative absolute construction.

महारथे (mahārathe) - the great charioteer (in locative absolute) (in the great charioteer, when the great charioteer)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - great charioteer, warrior fighting from a chariot

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• ratha – chariot; a warrior who fights from a chariot
  noun (masculine)

Note: Forms part of the locative absolute construction, refers to the son.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb amṛṣyanta.

अमृष्यन्त (amṛṣyanta) - they did not tolerate (this situation) (they did not tolerate, they were not patient)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of mṛṣ

Imperfect Active Indicative

3rd person plural, class 4 Parasmaipada verb, with augment 'a'

Root: mṛṣ (class 4)

Note: The 'a' augment of the imperfect combines with the preceding 'na' to form 'nā'.

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat

Note: Location of the action.

शूराः (śūrāḥ) - brave warriors (brave, heroic warriors)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śūra

śūra - brave, valiant, heroic; a hero, warrior

Note: Modifies 'sodaryāḥ'.

सोदर्याः (sodaryāḥ) - (Duryodhana's) brothers (uterine brothers, brothers)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sodarya

sodarya - uterine brother, born of the same womb

Derived from 'sa-udara' (same womb)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sa+udara)

• sa – with, together
  indeclinable
• udara – womb, belly
  noun (neuter)

Note: Refers to the Kaurava brothers.

सप्त (sapta) - seven

(numeral)

Note: Modifies 'sodaryāḥ'.

संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in the conflict (in the conflict, in the battle)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃyuga

saṁyuga - conflict, encounter, battle

Derived from root yuj (to join) with prefix sam-

Prefix: sam

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Location of the action.