महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-84, verse-33

लोभमोहसमाविष्टः पुत्रप्रीत्या जनाधिप ।
न बुध्यसे पुरा यत्तत्तथ्यमुक्तं वचो महत् ॥३३॥

33. lobhamohasamāviṣṭaḥ putraprītyā janādhipa ,
na budhyase purā yattattathyamuktaṁ vaco mahat.

33. lobhamohasamāviṣṭaḥ putraprītyā janādhipa na
budhyase purā yat tat tathyām uktam vacaḥ mahat

33. janādhipa,
putraprītyā lobhamohasamāviṣṭaḥ (tvam) purā yat tat mahat tathyām uktam vacaḥ na budhyase

33. O ruler of men (janādhipa), you are overwhelmed by greed and delusion, stemming from your affection for your sons. Therefore, you did not previously comprehend that great and truthful advice that was spoken.

Words meanings summery:

• लोभमोहसमाविष्टः (lobhamohasamāviṣṭaḥ) - overcome by greed and delusion

• पुत्रप्रीत्या (putraprītyā) - by love for sons, owing to affection for children

• जनाधिप (janādhipa) - Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (O king of men, O ruler of people)

• न (na) - not, no

• बुध्यसे (budhyase) - you understand, you perceive, you know

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, previously, in ancient times

• यत् (yat) - which, what, that (relative pronoun, neuter)

• तत् (tat) - that, it (neuter)

• तथ्याम् (tathyām) - true, real, factual

• उक्तम् (uktam) - said, spoken

• वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, advice

• महत् (mahat) - great, important, mighty

Words meanings and morphology

लोभमोहसमाविष्टः (lobhamohasamāviṣṭaḥ) - overcome by greed and delusion

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lobhamohasamāviṣṭa

lobhamohasamāviṣṭa - overcome by greed and delusion

Tatpuruṣa compound for lobha-moha, then adjectival compound with samāviṣṭa.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (lobha+moha+samāviṣṭa)

• lobha – greed, covetousness
  noun (masculine)
  From root lubh (to desire, covet)
  Root: lubh (class 4)
• moha – delusion, infatuation, bewilderment
  noun (masculine)
  From root muh (to be bewildered, deluded)
  Root: muh (class 4)
• samāviṣṭa – entered, occupied, overcome, possessed by
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root viś (to enter) with prefixes sam and ā.
  Prefixes: sam+ā
  Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Agrees with implied 'tvam' (you, Dhṛtarāṣṭra).

पुत्रप्रीत्या (putraprītyā) - by love for sons, owing to affection for children

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of putraprīti

putraprīti - love for children/sons

Tatpuruṣa compound: putra (son) + prīti (love)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (putra+prīti)

• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
• prīti – love, affection, pleasure
  noun (feminine)
  From root prī (to love, to please)
  Root: prī (class 9)

Note: Indicates the cause or means.

जनाधिप (janādhipa) - Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (O king of men, O ruler of people)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of janādhipa

janādhipa - lord of men, king

Tatpuruṣa compound: jana (people) + adhipa (lord)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jana+adhipa)

• jana – person, people, man
  noun (masculine)
  Root: jan (class 4)
• adhipa – lord, ruler, master
  noun (masculine)
  From adhi-pā (to rule over)
  Prefix: adhi
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Negative particle

Note: Negates 'budhyase'.

बुध्यसे (budhyase) - you understand, you perceive, you know

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of budh

Present (Laṭ) 2nd person singular middle voice.

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'you' (Dhṛtarāṣṭra).

पुरा (purā) - formerly, previously, in ancient times

(indeclinable)

Adverb of time

Note: Qualifies 'na budhyase'.

यत् (yat) - which, what, that (relative pronoun, neuter)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

Relative pronoun, nominative/accusative singular neuter

Note: Connects to 'vacas'.

तत् (tat) - that, it (neuter)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Demonstrative pronoun, nominative/accusative singular neuter

Note: Object of 'budhyase'.

तथ्याम् (tathyām) - true, real, factual

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tathya

tathya - true, real, factual, essential

From 'tathā' (so, thus)

Note: Qualifies 'vacaḥ'.

उक्तम् (uktam) - said, spoken

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ukta

ukta - said, spoken, told

Past Passive Participle

From root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'vacaḥ'.

वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, advice

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying, advice

s-stem noun.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'budhyase'.

महत् (mahat) - great, important, mighty

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, important

Participle form of mah (to be great).

Root: mah (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'vacaḥ'.