महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-29, verse-5

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अस्मिन्विधौ वर्तमाने यथावदुच्चावचा मतयो ब्राह्मणानाम् ।
कर्मणाहुः सिद्धिमेके परत्र हित्वा कर्म विद्यया सिद्धिमेके ।
नाभुञ्जानो भक्ष्यभोज्यस्य तृप्येद्विद्वानपीह विदितं ब्राह्मणानाम् ॥५॥

5. asminvidhau vartamāne yathāva;duccāvacā matayo brāhmaṇānām ,
karmaṇāhuḥ siddhimeke paratra; hitvā karma vidyayā siddhimeke ,
nābhuñjāno bhakṣyabhojyasya tṛpye;dvidvānapīha viditaṁ brāhmaṇānām.

5. asmin vidhau vartamāne yathāvat uccāvacāḥ matayaḥ
brāhmaṇānām karmaṇā āhuḥ siddhim eke paratra hitvā
karma vidyayā siddhim eke na abhuñjānaḥ
bhakṣyabhojyasya tṛpyet vidvān api iha viditam brāhmaṇānām

5. While this established rule (vidhi) is properly followed, the opinions of the Brahmins are varied. Some assert that perfection (siddhi) in the afterlife is achieved through action (karma), while others declare that perfection (siddhi) is attained through knowledge, having forsaken action (karma). Even a learned person here would not be satisfied without consuming food, and this fact is well-known among the Brahmins.

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this

विधौ (vidhau) - in this established rule (in the rule, in the ordinance, in the method)

वर्तमाने (vartamāne) - while being in force, while existing (being, existing, current, present)

यथावत् (yathāvat) - properly, duly (properly, duly, according to rule)

उच्चावचाः (uccāvacāḥ) - diverse, varied (high and low, various, diverse)

मतयः (matayaḥ) - opinions (opinions, thoughts, intentions)

ब्राह्मणानाम् (brāhmaṇānām) - of the Brahmins

कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - through action (karma) (by action (karma), through action)

आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they declare

सिद्धिम् (siddhim) - perfection (siddhi) (perfection, success, accomplishment, spiritual power (siddhi))

एके (eke) - some (Brahmins) (some)

परत्र (paratra) - in the next world, in the afterlife (in the other world, in the next life)

हित्वा (hitvā) - having forsaken (having abandoned, having left)

कर्म (karma) - action (karma) (action (karma), deed, duty)

विद्यया (vidyayā) - through knowledge (by knowledge)

सिद्धिम् (siddhim) - perfection (siddhi) (perfection, success, accomplishment, spiritual power (siddhi))

एके (eke) - some (Brahmins) (some)

न (na) - not

अभुञ्जानः (abhuñjānaḥ) - without consuming (not eating, not enjoying)

भक्ष्यभोज्यस्य (bhakṣyabhojyasya) - of food (of food (both solid and soft))

तृप्येत् (tṛpyet) - would be satisfied (he would be satisfied)

विद्वान् (vidvān) - a learned person (learned, wise person)

अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

इह (iha) - here (here, in this world, in this matter)

विदितम् (viditam) - known (known, understood)

ब्राह्मणानाम् (brāhmaṇānām) - of the Brahmins

Words meanings and morphology

अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Qualifies 'vidhau'.

विधौ (vidhau) - in this established rule (in the rule, in the ordinance, in the method)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vidhi

vidhi - rule, ordinance, method, prescribed act, established procedure

From √dhā (to place, arrange) with prefix vi- (apart, specifically)

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

वर्तमाने (vartamāne) - while being in force, while existing (being, existing, current, present)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of vartamāna

vartamāna - being, existing, present, current, happening

Present Middle Participle

From √vṛt (to turn, exist), class 1A

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'vidhau'. Used in locative absolute construction.

यथावत् (yathāvat) - properly, duly (properly, duly, according to rule)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb modifying 'vartamāne'.

उच्चावचाः (uccāvacāḥ) - diverse, varied (high and low, various, diverse)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of uccāvaca

uccāvaca - high and low, various, diverse, unequal

ucca (high) + avaca (low)

Compound type : dvandva (ucca+avaca)

ucca – high, elevated
adjective (masculine)
avaca – low, inferior
adjective (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'matayaḥ'.

मतयः (matayaḥ) - opinions (opinions, thoughts, intentions)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of mati

mati - mind, thought, opinion, intention, understanding

From √man (to think)

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

ब्राह्मणानाम् (brāhmaṇānām) - of the Brahmins

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - Brahmin, member of the priestly class

From brahman (priest, sacred knowledge)

कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - through action (karma) (by action (karma), through action)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of karma

karma - action, deed, duty, ritual (karma)

From √kṛ (to do, to make)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they declare

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of ah

perfect tense, 3rd person plural, active voice

Irregular perfect from √ah (to say)

Root: ah (class 2)

सिद्धिम् (siddhim) - perfection (siddhi) (perfection, success, accomplishment, spiritual power (siddhi))

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of siddhi

siddhi - perfection, success, accomplishment, fulfillment, supernatural power (siddhi)

From √sidh (to succeed)

Root: sidh (class 4)

Note: Object of 'āhuḥ'.

एके (eke) - some (Brahmins) (some)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of eka

eka - one, a certain, some

Note: Refers to some Brahmins.

परत्र (paratra) - in the next world, in the afterlife (in the other world, in the next life)

(indeclinable)

हित्वा (hitvā) - having forsaken (having abandoned, having left)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

From √hā (to abandon, leave)

Root: hā (class 3)

कर्म (karma) - action (karma) (action (karma), deed, duty)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of karma

karma - action, deed, duty, ritual (karma)

From √kṛ (to do, to make)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of 'hitvā'.

विद्यया (vidyayā) - through knowledge (by knowledge)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of vidyā

vidyā - knowledge, learning, science, wisdom

From √vid (to know)

Root: vid (class 2)

सिद्धिम् (siddhim) - perfection (siddhi) (perfection, success, accomplishment, spiritual power (siddhi))

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of siddhi

siddhi - perfection, success, accomplishment, fulfillment, supernatural power (siddhi)

From √sidh (to succeed)

Root: sidh (class 4)

Note: Object of 'āhuḥ'.

एके (eke) - some (Brahmins) (some)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of eka

eka - one, a certain, some

Note: Refers to some Brahmins.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

अभुञ्जानः (abhuñjānaḥ) - without consuming (not eating, not enjoying)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhuñjāna

abhuñjāna - not eating, not enjoying, not consuming

Present Middle Participle (negative)

a- (not) + √bhuj (to eat, enjoy)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+bhuñjāna)

a – not, non-
indeclinable
bhuñjāna – eating, enjoying
adjective (masculine)
Present Middle Participle
From √bhuj (to eat, enjoy)
Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Qualifies 'vidvān'.

भक्ष्यभोज्यस्य (bhakṣyabhojyasya) - of food (of food (both solid and soft))

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of bhakṣyabhojya

bhakṣyabhojya - food (both solid and soft, chewable and swallowable)

bhakṣya (that which is to be chewed) + bhojya (that which is to be eaten/swallowed)

Compound type : dvandva (bhakṣya+bhojya)

bhakṣya – chewable food, edible
noun (neuter)
Gerundive
From √bhakṣ (to chew)
Root: bhakṣ (class 10)
bhojya – eatable food, consumable
noun (neuter)
Gerundive
From √bhuj (to eat)
Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Object of 'abhuñjānaḥ' (implied with a sense of 'of').

तृप्येत् (tṛpyet) - would be satisfied (he would be satisfied)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of tṛp

optative mood, 3rd person singular, active voice

Root: tṛp (class 4)

विद्वान् (vidvān) - a learned person (learned, wise person)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidvas

vidvas - learned, wise, knowing person

Perfect Active Participle

From √vid (to know)