महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-29, verse-29

भागः पुनः पाण्डवानां निविष्टस्तं नोऽकस्मादाददीरन्परे वै ।
अस्मिन्पदे युध्यतां नो वधोऽपि श्लाघ्यः पित्र्यः परराज्याद्विशिष्टः ।
एतान्धर्मान्कौरवाणां पुराणानाचक्षीथाः संजय राज्यमध्ये ॥२९॥

29. bhāgaḥ punaḥ pāṇḍavānāṁ niviṣṭa;staṁ no'kasmādādadīranpare vai ,
asminpade yudhyatāṁ no vadho'pi; ślāghyaḥ pitryaḥ pararājyādviśiṣṭaḥ ,
etāndharmānkauravāṇāṁ purāṇā;nācakṣīthāḥ saṁjaya rājyamadhye.

29. bhāgaḥ punaḥ pāṇḍavānām niviṣṭaḥ tam naḥ akasmāt
ādadīran pare vai asmin pade yudhyatām naḥ vadhaḥ
api ślāghyaḥ pitryaḥ pararājyāt viśiṣṭaḥ etān dharmān
kauravāṇām purāṇān ācakṣīthāḥ saṃjaya rājyamadhye

29. Moreover, the share of the Pāṇḍavas has been established; others should not seize it from us unexpectedly. In this state of affairs, even our death in battle is praiseworthy, and our ancestral claim is superior to a foreign kingdom. O Sañjaya, you should proclaim these ancient natural laws (dharma) of the Kauravas within the royal assembly.

Words meanings summery:

• भागः (bhāgaḥ) - share, portion, division

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, moreover, but

• पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pāṇḍavas

• निविष्टः (niviṣṭaḥ) - established, settled, entered

• तम् (tam) - that (share)

• नः (naḥ) - from us, to us

• अकस्मात् (akasmāt) - unexpectedly, suddenly, without cause

• आददीरन् (ādadīran) - they should take away, seize

• परे (pare) - others, enemies

• वै (vai) - indeed, verily

• अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this

• पदे (pade) - in the state, in the situation

• युध्यताम् (yudhyatām) - of those fighting, for those who fight

• नः (naḥ) - our, to us

• वधः (vadhaḥ) - death, killing

• अपि (api) - even, also

• श्लाघ्यः (ślāghyaḥ) - praiseworthy, laudable

• पित्र्यः (pitryaḥ) - ancestral, paternal, inherited

• परराज्यात् (pararājyāt) - than a foreign kingdom

• विशिष्टः (viśiṣṭaḥ) - superior, distinguished, excellent

• एतान् (etān) - these

• धर्मान् (dharmān) - natural laws, duties, principles (dharma)

• कौरवाणाम् (kauravāṇām) - of the Kauravas

• पुराणान् (purāṇān) - ancient, old

• आचक्षीथाः (ācakṣīthāḥ) - you should declare/tell

• संजय (saṁjaya) - O Sañjaya

• राज्यमध्ये (rājyamadhye) - in the midst of the kingdom, in the royal assembly

Words meanings and morphology

भागः (bhāgaḥ) - share, portion, division

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhāga

bhāga - share, portion, part, division

Root: bhaj (class 1)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, moreover, but

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates continuation or transition.

पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, the Pāṇḍavas

निविष्टः (niviṣṭaḥ) - established, settled, entered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niviṣṭa

niviṣṭa - entered, settled, established, fixed

Past Passive Participle

From √viś with prefix ni

Prefix: ni

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Agrees with `bhāgaḥ`.

तम् (tam) - that (share)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to `bhāgaḥ`.

नः (naḥ) - from us, to us

(pronoun)

plural of asmad

asmad - we, us

Note: Here implies 'from us' (ablative sense with `ādadīran`).

अकस्मात् (akasmāt) - unexpectedly, suddenly, without cause

(indeclinable)

आददीरन् (ādadīran) - they should take away, seize

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, optative (vidhiliṅ) of ādadī

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Subject is `pare`.

परे (pare) - others, enemies

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of para

para - other, another, enemy, supreme

Note: Used as a noun.

वै (vai) - indeed, verily

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Qualifies `pade`.

पदे (pade) - in the state, in the situation

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of pada

pada - foot, step, position, state, word

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Here implies 'in this context/situation'.

युध्यताम् (yudhyatām) - of those fighting, for those who fight

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of yudhyat

yudhyat - fighting, warrior

Present Middle Participle

From √yudh

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Refers to 'us' (naḥ).

नः (naḥ) - our, to us

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of asmad

asmad - we, us

Note: Possessive, 'our'.

वधः (vadhaḥ) - death, killing

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vadha

vadha - killing, slaying, destruction, death

Root: vadh (class 1)

Note: Subject.

अपि (api) - even, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic.

श्लाघ्यः (ślāghyaḥ) - praiseworthy, laudable

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ślāghya

ślāghya - praiseworthy, laudable, commendable

Gerundive

From √ślāgh

Root: ślāgh (class 1)

Note: Predicative adjective for `vadhaḥ`.

पित्र्यः (pitryaḥ) - ancestral, paternal, inherited

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitrya

pitrya - ancestral, paternal, inherited

From pitṛ

Note: Refers to an implied 'share' or 'right'.

परराज्यात् (pararājyāt) - than a foreign kingdom

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of pararājya

pararājya - foreign kingdom, kingdom of others

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (para+rājya)

• para – other, foreign, supreme
  adjective (masculine)
• rājya – kingdom, realm, sovereignty
  noun (neuter)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Used in comparison with `viśiṣṭaḥ`.

विशिष्टः (viśiṣṭaḥ) - superior, distinguished, excellent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viśiṣṭa

viśiṣṭa - distinguished, excellent, superior, specific

Past Passive Participle

From √śiṣ with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: śiṣ (class 7)

Note: Predicative adjective for `pitryaḥ` (implied 'bhāgaḥ').

एतान् (etān) - these

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Qualifies `dharmān`.

धर्मान् (dharmān) - natural laws, duties, principles (dharma)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dharma

dharma - constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of `ācakṣīthāḥ`.

कौरवाणाम् (kauravāṇām) - of the Kauravas

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kaurava

kaurava - descendant of Kuru, the Kauravas

Note: Qualifies `dharmān`.

पुराणान् (purāṇān) - ancient, old

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of purāṇa

purāṇa - ancient, old, former, a Purana (ancient text)

Note: Qualifies `dharmān`.

आचक्षीथाः (ācakṣīthāḥ) - you should declare/tell

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, optative (vidhiliṅ) of ācakṣ

Prefix: ā

Root: cakṣ (class 2)

Note: The verb form is from the root √cakṣ (to see, to tell) with the prefix ā, in the optative middle voice, second person singular.

संजय (saṁjaya) - O Sañjaya

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Sañjaya (charioteer of Dhritarashtra)

राज्यमध्ये (rājyamadhye) - in the midst of the kingdom, in the royal assembly

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of rājyamadhya

rājyamadhya - middle of the kingdom, royal assembly/court

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājya+madhya)

• rājya – kingdom, realm
  noun (neuter)
  Root: rāj (class 1)
• madhya – middle, center, midst
  noun (neuter)

Note: Can refer to the physical middle of the kingdom or, more metaphorically, the central governing body/assembly. Context suggests the latter.