महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-29, verse-25

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एतान्राजा पालयन्नप्रमत्तो नियोजयन्सर्ववर्णान्स्वधर्मे ।
अकामात्मा समवृत्तिः प्रजासु नाधार्मिकाननुरुध्येत कामान् ॥२५॥

25. etānrājā pālayannapramatto; niyojayansarvavarṇānsvadharme ,
akāmātmā samavṛttiḥ prajāsu; nādhārmikānanurudhyeta kāmān.

25. etān rājā pālayant apramattaḥ
niyojayant sarvavarṇān svadharme
akāmātmā samavṛttiḥ prajāsu
na adhārmikān anurudhyeta kāmān

25. The king, diligently protecting these (castes) and engaging all classes in their own natural law (dharma), should be unselfish (akāmātmā) and impartial towards his subjects. He should not pursue unrighteous desires.

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

एतान् (etān) - these (castes/classes) (these (masculine plural accusative))

राजा (rājā) - king

पालयन्त् (pālayant) - protecting, guarding, maintaining

अप्रमत्तः (apramattaḥ) - diligent, vigilant, not careless, attentive

नियोजयन्त् (niyojayant) - engaging, appointing, employing, instructing

सर्ववर्णान् (sarvavarṇān) - all classes, all castes

स्वधर्मे (svadharme) - in their own natural law (dharma) (in their own natural law (dharma), in their own duty)

अकामात्मा (akāmātmā) - unselfish (akāmātmā) (unselfish, disinterested, one whose inner self (ātman) is without desire)

समवृत्तिः (samavṛttiḥ) - impartial, having equal conduct, equable

प्रजासु (prajāsu) - towards his subjects, among the people

न (na) - not, no

अधार्मिकान् (adhārmikān) - unrighteous, unlawful, impious

अनुरुध्येत (anurudhyeta) - should pursue, should follow, should indulge in

कामान् (kāmān) - desires, wishes, pleasures

Words meanings and morphology

एतान् (etān) - these (castes/classes) (these (masculine plural accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this

Accusative plural masculine form of etad

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Nominative singular form of rājan

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: The main subject of the sentence.

पालयन्त् (pālayant) - protecting, guarding, maintaining

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pālayant

pālayant - protecting, guarding, maintaining

Present Active Participle

Derived from root pāl (to protect) in the present tense

Root: pāl (class 10)

Note: Agrees with rājā.

अप्रमत्तः (apramattaḥ) - diligent, vigilant, not careless, attentive

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of apramatta

apramatta - diligent, vigilant, not careless, attentive

Negation of pramatta (careless) which is a past passive participle of pra-mad

Prefix: pra

Root: mad (class 4)

Note: Agrees with rājā.

नियोजयन्त् (niyojayant) - engaging, appointing, employing, instructing

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niyojayant

niyojayant - engaging, appointing, employing, instructing

Present Active Participle

Derived from root yuj (to join, apply) with prefix ni, causative stem yoji, in the present tense

Prefix: ni

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Agrees with rājā.

सर्ववर्णान् (sarvavarṇān) - all classes, all castes

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarvavarṇa

sarvavarṇa - all classes, all castes

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+varṇa)

sarva – all, every
adjective (masculine)
varṇa – class, caste, color
noun (masculine)
Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Object of niyojayant.

स्वधर्मे (svadharme) - in their own natural law (dharma) (in their own natural law (dharma), in their own duty)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of svadharma

svadharma - one's own natural law (dharma), one's own duty, inherent nature

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+dharma)

sva – own, self
adjective (masculine)
dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, virtue, righteousness
noun (masculine)
Derived from root dhṛ (to uphold, support)
Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: The sphere of action for 'engaging'.

अकामात्मा (akāmātmā) - unselfish (akāmātmā) (unselfish, disinterested, one whose inner self (ātman) is without desire)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of akāmātman

akāmātman - unselfish, disinterested, one whose inner self (ātman) is without desire

Nominative singular masculine form. Compound of 'a' (not) + 'kāma' (desire) + 'ātman' (self)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+kāma+ātman)

a – not, un-
indeclinable
Negation prefix
kāma – desire, wish, love
noun (masculine)
Root: kam (class 1)
ātman – self, soul, spirit, essential nature
noun (masculine)
Root: an (class 2)

Note: Agrees with rājā.

समवृत्तिः (samavṛttiḥ) - impartial, having equal conduct, equable

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samavṛtti

samavṛtti - impartial, having equal conduct, equable

Compound of sama (equal) + vṛtti (conduct, course)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sama+vṛtti)

sama – equal, same, uniform
adjective (masculine)
Root: sam (class 4)
vṛtti – conduct, course, mode of life
noun (feminine)
From root vṛt (to be, exist)
Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Agrees with rājā.

प्रजासु (prajāsu) - towards his subjects, among the people

(noun)

Locative, feminine, plural of prajā

prajā - subjects, people, progeny, creation

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Indicates the sphere of impartiality.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb anurudhyeta.

अधार्मिकान् (adhārmikān) - unrighteous, unlawful, impious

(adjective)