महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-29, verse-35

अनुक्त्वा त्वं धर्ममेवं सभायामथेच्छसे पाण्डवस्योपदेष्टुम् ।
कृष्णा त्वेतत्कर्म चकार शुद्धं सुदुष्करं तद्धि सभां समेत्य ।
येन कृच्छ्रात्पाण्डवानुज्जहार तथात्मानं नौरिव सागरौघात् ॥३५॥

35. anuktvā tvaṁ dharmamevaṁ sabhāyā;mathecchase pāṇḍavasyopadeṣṭum ,
kṛṣṇā tvetatkarma cakāra śuddhaṁ; suduṣkaraṁ taddhi sabhāṁ sametya ,
yena kṛcchrātpāṇḍavānujjahāra; tathātmānaṁ nauriva sāgaraughāt.

35. anuktvā tvam dharmam evam sabhāyām atha icchase
pāṇḍavasya upadeṣṭum kṛṣṇā tu etat karma cakāra śuddham
suduṣkaram tat hi sabhāṃ sametya yena kṛcchrāt
pāṇḍavān ujjahāra tathā ātmānam nauḥ iva sāgaraughāt

35. You, who did not speak about this intrinsic nature (dharma) in the assembly, now wish to instruct a Pāṇḍava! But Draupadī (Kṛṣṇā) performed a truly pure and exceedingly difficult action (karma), indeed, after entering the assembly. Through that action, she rescued the Pāṇḍavas from a dire predicament, just as a boat (nauḥ) rescues itself (ātman) from the torrent of the ocean.

Words meanings summery:

• अनुक्त्वा (anuktvā) - without having spoken, without having told

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law (dharma), intrinsic nature (dharma), duty, righteousness

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

• सभायाम् (sabhāyām) - in the assembly, in the hall

• अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

• इच्छसे (icchase) - you desire, you wish

• पाण्डवस्य (pāṇḍavasya) - of a Pāṇḍava

• उपदेष्टुम् (upadeṣṭum) - to instruct, to advise

• कृष्णा (kṛṣṇā) - Draupadī

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• एतत् (etat) - this

• कर्म (karma) - action (karma), deed, ritual

• चकार (cakāra) - she did, she performed

• शुद्धम् (śuddham) - pure, righteous, clean

• सुदुष्करम् (suduṣkaram) - very difficult, exceedingly hard to do

• तत् (tat) - that, it

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, surely

• सभां (sabhāṁ) - to the assembly

• समेत्य (sametya) - having come together, having approached

• येन (yena) - by which, by whom

• कृच्छ्रात् (kṛcchrāt) - from difficulty, from distress

• पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pāṇḍavas

• उज्जिहार (ujjihāra) - she rescued, she lifted out, she raised

• तथा (tathā) - just as, in that manner

• आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - herself, the self (ātman)

• नौः (nauḥ) - a boat, a ship

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• सागरौघात् (sāgaraughāt) - from the flood of the ocean, from the ocean current

Words meanings and morphology

अनुक्त्वा (anuktvā) - without having spoken, without having told

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form of anu-√vac (here implying 'not speaking')

Prefix: anu

Root: vac (class 2)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law (dharma), intrinsic nature (dharma), duty, righteousness

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, intrinsic nature, virtue

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

सभायाम् (sabhāyām) - in the assembly, in the hall

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of sabhā

sabhā - assembly, council, court, hall

अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

(indeclinable)

इच्छसे (icchase) - you desire, you wish

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of iṣ

Root: iṣ (class 4)

पाण्डवस्य (pāṇḍavasya) - of a Pāṇḍava

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, son of Pāṇḍu

उपदेष्टुम् (upadeṣṭum) - to instruct, to advise

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Infinitive form of the verb upa-√diś

Prefix: upa

Root: diś (class 6)

कृष्णा (kṛṣṇā) - Draupadī

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kṛṣṇā

kṛṣṇā - Draupadī (the dark-skinned one)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that

कर्म (karma) - action (karma), deed, ritual

(noun)

neuter, singular of karma

karma - action, deed, work, ritual, fate

Root: kṛ (class 8)

चकार (cakāra) - she did, she performed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

शुद्धम् (śuddham) - pure, righteous, clean

(adjective)

neuter, singular of śuddha

śuddha - pure, clean, clear, righteous, unblemished

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root śudh

Root: śudh (class 4)

सुदुष्करम् (suduṣkaram) - very difficult, exceedingly hard to do

(adjective)

neuter, singular of suduṣkara

suduṣkara - very difficult, very hard to perform

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+duṣkara)

• su – good, well, very, exceedingly
  indeclinable
• duṣkara – difficult to do, hard to accomplish
  adjective (neuter)
  From dus- (bad, hard) and root kṛ (to do)
  Prefix: dus
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

तत् (tat) - that, it

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, this

हि (hi) - indeed, for, surely

(indeclinable)

सभां (sabhāṁ) - to the assembly

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sabhā

sabhā - assembly, council, hall

समेत्य (sametya) - having come together, having approached

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form of the verb sam-√i

Prefix: sam

Root: i (class 2)

येन (yena) - by which, by whom

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

कृच्छ्रात् (kṛcchrāt) - from difficulty, from distress

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of kṛcchra

kṛcchra - difficulty, distress, pain, hardship

पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pāṇḍavas

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, son of Pāṇḍu

उज्जिहार (ujjihāra) - she rescued, she lifted out, she raised

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of uddhṛ

Prefix: ud

Root: hṛ (class 1)

तथा (tathā) - just as, in that manner

(indeclinable)

आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - herself, the self (ātman)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence

नौः (nauḥ) - a boat, a ship

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of nau

nau - boat, ship

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

सागरौघात् (sāgaraughāt) - from the flood of the ocean, from the ocean current

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of sāgaraugha

sāgaraugha - flood of the ocean, ocean current

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sāgara+ogha)

• sāgara – ocean, sea
  noun (masculine)
• ogha – flood, torrent, stream, multitude
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vah (class 1)