महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-29, verse-26

श्रेयांस्तस्माद्यदि विद्येत कश्चिदभिज्ञातः सर्वधर्मोपपन्नः ।
स तं दुष्टमनुशिष्यात्प्रजानन्न चेद्गृध्येदिति तस्मिन्न साधु ॥२६॥

26. śreyāṁstasmādyadi vidyeta kaści;dabhijñātaḥ sarvadharmopapannaḥ ,
sa taṁ duṣṭamanuśiṣyātprajāna;nna cedgṛdhyediti tasminna sādhu.

26. śreyān tasmāt yadi vidyeta kaścid
abhijñātaḥ sarvadharma-upapannaḥ
sa tam duṣṭam anuśiṣyāt prajānan
na cet gṛdhyet iti tasmin na sādhu

26. Therefore, if there exists a superior person, well-known and endowed with all fundamental principles (dharma), he should instruct that wicked individual, understanding that it would not be appropriate to do so if the wicked person were not (already) greedy.

Words meanings summery:

• श्रेयान् (śreyān) - superior, more excellent, better

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that, than that

• यदि (yadi) - if

• विद्येत (vidyeta) - may exist, should exist

• कश्चिद् (kaścid) - someone, anyone

• अभिज्ञातः (abhijñātaḥ) - well-known, recognized, understood

• सर्वधर्म-उपपन्नः (sarvadharma-upapannaḥ) - endowed with all natural laws/principles (dharma)

• स (sa) - he, that (person)

• तम् (tam) - him, that (person)

• दुष्टम् (duṣṭam) - wicked, corrupt, evil person

• अनुशिष्यात् (anuśiṣyāt) - he should instruct, teach

• प्रजानन् (prajānan) - knowing, understanding

• न (na) - not

• चेत् (cet) - if (used with 'na' for 'if not')

• गृध्येत् (gṛdhyet) - he should be greedy, he were to covet

• इति (iti) - thus, so, (marks a quotation or statement)

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (case, situation)

• न (na) - not

• साधु (sādhu) - good, proper, right

Words meanings and morphology

श्रेयान् (śreyān) - superior, more excellent, better

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śreyas

śreyas - better, superior, excellent, good fortune, virtue

comparative of śrī/praśasya

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that, than that

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Can also function as an indeclinable 'therefore'.

यदि (yadi) - if

(indeclinable)

विद्येत (vidyeta) - may exist, should exist

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of vid

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: From root 'vid' (to be), not 'vid' (to know).

कश्चिद् (kaścid) - someone, anyone

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which, someone, anyone

Note: With 'cid' as an emphatic particle.

अभिज्ञातः (abhijñātaḥ) - well-known, recognized, understood

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhijñāta

abhijñāta - known, recognized, understood

Past Passive Participle

From √jñā with prefix abhi

Prefix: abhi

Root: jñā (class 9)

सर्वधर्म-उपपन्नः (sarvadharma-upapannaḥ) - endowed with all natural laws/principles (dharma)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarvadharmopapanna

sarvadharmopapanna - endowed with all natural laws/principles (dharma)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva+dharma+upapanna)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  adjective (masculine)
• dharma – constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• upapanna – endowed with, possessed of, fit, proper
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √pad with prefixes upa + ā
  Prefixes: upa+ā
  Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Compound: sarva (all) + dharma (law/duty) + upapanna (endowed with). The sandhi `dharma-upapanna` is `dharmopapanna`.

स (sa) - he, that (person)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: masculine nominative singular form of 'tad'

तम् (tam) - him, that (person)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: masculine accusative singular form of 'tad'

दुष्टम् (duṣṭam) - wicked, corrupt, evil person

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of duṣṭa

duṣṭa - wicked, corrupt, spoiled, evil

Past Passive Participle

From √duṣ

Root: duṣ (class 4)

Note: Used as a noun here, referring to a wicked person.

अनुशिष्यात् (anuśiṣyāt) - he should instruct, teach

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of anuśiṣ

Prefix: anu

Root: śās (class 2)

प्रजानन् (prajānan) - knowing, understanding

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prajānat

prajānat - knowing, understanding

Present Active Participle

From √jñā with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: It qualifies the subject 'sa' (he).

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

चेत् (cet) - if (used with 'na' for 'if not')

(indeclinable)

Note: Often used after 'na' to form 'na cet' (if not).

गृध्येत् (gṛdhyet) - he should be greedy, he were to covet

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of gṛdh

Root: gṛdh (class 4)

Note: The subject is implied as the 'duṣṭa' (wicked person).

इति (iti) - thus, so, (marks a quotation or statement)

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces the consequence or the condition for the following negation.

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (case, situation)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the condition 'na cet gṛdhyet'.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

साधु (sādhu) - good, proper, right

(adjective)

Nominative, singular of sādhu

sādhu - good, proper, right, excellent, virtuous, honest

Note: Used as a predicative adjective, implying 'it is not good/proper'.