महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-29, verse-46

युधिष्ठिरो धर्ममयो महाद्रुमः स्कन्धोऽर्जुनो भीमसेनोऽस्य शाखाः ।
माद्रीपुत्रौ पुष्पफले समृद्धे मूलं त्वहं ब्रह्म च ब्राह्मणाश्च ॥४६॥

46. yudhiṣṭhiro dharmamayo mahādrumaḥ; skandho'rjuno bhīmaseno'sya śākhāḥ ,
mādrīputrau puṣpaphale samṛddhe; mūlaṁ tvahaṁ brahma ca brāhmaṇāśca.

46. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ dharmamayaḥ mahādrumaḥ
skandhaḥ arjunaḥ bhīmasenaḥ asya śākhāḥ
mādrīputrau puṣpaphale samṛddhe
mūlam tu aham brahma ca brāhmaṇāḥ ca

46. Yudhishthira is a great tree embodying natural law (dharma). Arjuna is its trunk, and Bhimasena is its branches. The two sons of Madri are its abundant flowers and fruits. I am its root, as are the ultimate reality (brahman) and the Brahmins.

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - The eldest of the Pandavas, known for his righteousness (dharma). (Yudhishthira)

• धर्ममयः (dharmamayaḥ) - Embodying righteousness (dharma) or natural law. (consisting of dharma, full of dharma, embodying dharma)

• महाद्रुमः (mahādrumaḥ) - A prominent or large tree, metaphorically representing Yudhishthira. (a great tree, a large tree)

• स्कन्धः (skandhaḥ) - The main trunk of the tree, representing Arjuna. (trunk, shoulder, main stem)

• अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - The third Pandava brother, known as a great archer. (Arjuna, white, clear)

• भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - The second Pandava brother, known for his strength. (Bhimasena)

• अस्य (asya) - Referring to the tree (Yudhishthira). (of this, its)

• शाखाः (śākhāḥ) - The branches of the tree, representing Bhimasena. (branches)

• माद्रीपुत्रौ (mādrīputrau) - Nakula and Sahadeva, the twin sons of Madri. (the two sons of Madri)

• पुष्पफले (puṣpaphale) - The abundant flowers and fruits of the tree, representing Nakula and Sahadeva. (flowers and fruits)

• समृद्धे (samṛddhe) - Abundant or flourishing, describing the flowers and fruits. (prosperous, abundant, rich, flourishing)

• मूलम् (mūlam) - The root of the tree, representing the speaker (Vidura). (root, origin, basis)

• तु (tu) - Emphasizing the speaker's role as the root. (but, indeed, however, on the other hand)

• अहम् (aham) - The speaker, Vidura (or Krishna in some contexts, but likely Vidura here). (I)

• ब्रह्म (brahma) - The ultimate reality (brahman), which also forms the root of the Pandava-tree. (Brahman (the ultimate reality), the sacred word, the Veda)

• च (ca) - Connecting 'I' and 'Brahman'. (and)

• ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - The priestly class, who along with the speaker and Brahman (brahman) constitute the root. (Brahmins, priests)

• च (ca) - Connecting 'Brahman' and 'Brahmins'. (and)

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - The eldest of the Pandavas, known for his righteousness (dharma). (Yudhishthira)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - The one who is steady in battle; name of the eldest Pandava.

Compound type : aluk-tatpuruṣa (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle
  indeclinable
  Locative singular of yudh (battle) used as first member of compound.
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• sthira – firm, steady, stable
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root sthā (to stand).
  Root: sthā (class 1)

धर्ममयः (dharmamayaḥ) - Embodying righteousness (dharma) or natural law. (consisting of dharma, full of dharma, embodying dharma)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmamaya

dharmamaya - Consisting of dharma, full of dharma, embodying dharma.

Derived from dharma with suffix -maya (made of, consisting of).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+maya)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, righteousness, duty, virtue
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root dhṛ (to uphold).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• maya – made of, consisting of, full of
  suffix
  Primary suffix -maya forming adjectives indicating material or abundance.

महाद्रुमः (mahādrumaḥ) - A prominent or large tree, metaphorically representing Yudhishthira. (a great tree, a large tree)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahādruma

mahādruma - A great tree, a large tree.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+druma)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
  Feminine stem of mahat (great), used in compounds.
• druma – tree
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from dru (to run, flow, move), or root drum (to cover, enclose).
  Root: dru (class 1)

स्कन्धः (skandhaḥ) - The main trunk of the tree, representing Arjuna. (trunk, shoulder, main stem)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of skandha

skandha - Trunk of a tree, shoulder, main stem, chapter (of a book).

Root: skand (class 1)

अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - The third Pandava brother, known as a great archer. (Arjuna, white, clear)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - White, clear, silver-colored; name of the third Pandava.

Root: ṛj

भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - The second Pandava brother, known for his strength. (Bhimasena)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Name of the second Pandava brother.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhīma+sena)

• bhīma – terrible, formidable, dreadful
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root bhī (to fear).
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• sena – army, host
  noun (feminine)
  Root: si

अस्य (asya) - Referring to the tree (Yudhishthira). (of this, its)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - This.

शाखाः (śākhāḥ) - The branches of the tree, representing Bhimasena. (branches)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of śākhā

śākhā - Branch, limb, division.

Root: śākh

माद्रीपुत्रौ (mādrīputrau) - Nakula and Sahadeva, the twin sons of Madri. (the two sons of Madri)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of mādrīputra

mādrīputra - Son of Madri.

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (mādrī+putra)

• mādrī – Madri (name of a queen, mother of Nakula and Sahadeva)
  proper noun (feminine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root pū (to purify) + tra (agent suffix).
  Root: pū (class 1)

पुष्पफले (puṣpaphale) - The abundant flowers and fruits of the tree, representing Nakula and Sahadeva. (flowers and fruits)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, dual of puṣpaphala

puṣpaphala - Flower and fruit (often collectively).

Compound noun.

Compound type : dvandva (puṣpa+phala)

• puṣpa – flower, blossom
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root puṣ (to nourish, thrive).
  Root: puṣ (class 4)
• phala – fruit, result, consequence
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root phal (to bear fruit, ripen).
  Root: phal (class 1)

समृद्धे (samṛddhe) - Abundant or flourishing, describing the flowers and fruits. (prosperous, abundant, rich, flourishing)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, dual of samṛddha

samṛddha - Prosperous, abundant, rich, flourishing, accomplished, successful.

Past Passive Participle

Derived from sam-ṛdh (to prosper, flourish) + kta suffix.

Prefix: sam

Root: ṛdh (class 4)

मूलम् (mūlam) - The root of the tree, representing the speaker (Vidura). (root, origin, basis)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mūla

mūla - Root, origin, base, foundation.

Root: mūl

तु (tu) - Emphasizing the speaker's role as the root. (but, indeed, however, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

अहम् (aham) - The speaker, Vidura (or Krishna in some contexts, but likely Vidura here). (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we.

ब्रह्म (brahma) - The ultimate reality (brahman), which also forms the root of the Pandava-tree. (Brahman (the ultimate reality), the sacred word, the Veda)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of brahman

brahman - Brahman (the ultimate reality), the sacred word, sacred knowledge, Veda.

Root: bṛh

च (ca) - Connecting 'I' and 'Brahman'. (and)

(indeclinable)

ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - The priestly class, who along with the speaker and Brahman (brahman) constitute the root. (Brahmins, priests)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - A Brahmin, a member of the priestly class.

Derived from brahman (sacred word/knowledge) + aṇ (suffix).

Root: bṛh

च (ca) - Connecting 'Brahman' and 'Brahmins'. (and)

(indeclinable)