महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-176, verse-31

तच्छ्रुत्वा जामदग्न्यस्तु राजपुत्र्या वचस्तदा ।
उवाच तां वरारोहां निश्चित्यार्थविनिश्चयम् ॥३१॥

31. tacchrutvā jāmadagnyastu rājaputryā vacastadā ,
uvāca tāṁ varārohāṁ niścityārthaviniścayam.

31. tat śrutvā jāmadagnyaḥ tu rājaputryā vacaḥ tadā
uvāca tām varārohām niścitya arthaviniścayam

31. tadā,
jāmadagnyaḥ tu rājaputryā tat vacaḥ śrutvā,
arthaviniścayam niścitya,
tām varārohām uvāca

31. Having heard that speech from the princess, the son of Jamadagni (Paraśurāma) then ascertained the true nature of the matter and spoke to that fair-hipped woman.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - that (speech) (that, it)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• जामदग्न्यः (jāmadagnyaḥ) - Paraśurāma (son of Jamadagni)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• राजपुत्र्या (rājaputryā) - from the princess (by the princess, of the princess)

• वचः (vacaḥ) - speech (word, speech, utterance)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ताम् (tām) - her (referring to the princess) (her, that (feminine))

• वरारोहाम् (varārohām) - the fair-hipped woman (epithet for the princess) (fair-hipped, beautiful-hipped)

• निश्चित्य (niścitya) - having ascertained, having determined, having decided

• अर्थविनिश्चयम् (arthaviniścayam) - the true nature of the matter (ascertainment of the matter/purpose, definite decision of a matter)

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - that (speech) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, she, he

Note: Direct object for 'śrutvā' (understood via 'vacaḥ').

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From śru (class 5) with ktvā suffix.

Root: śru (class 5)

जामदग्न्यः (jāmadagnyaḥ) - Paraśurāma (son of Jamadagni)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jāmadagnya

jāmadagnya - son or descendant of Jamadagni; specifically Paraśurāma

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

राजपुत्र्या (rājaputryā) - from the princess (by the princess, of the princess)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of rājaputrī

rājaputrī - princess, king's daughter

Compound type : tatpurusha (rājan+putrī)

• rājan – king, monarch
  noun (masculine)
• putrī – daughter
  noun (feminine)

Note: Used here to indicate the source of the speech ('from the princess').

वचः (vacaḥ) - speech (word, speech, utterance)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, utterance

Note: Direct object of 'śrutvā'.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of time.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect 3rd singular of vac (class 2), irregular formation.

Root: vac (class 2)

ताम् (tām) - her (referring to the princess) (her, that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, he, it

Note: Direct object of 'uvāca'.

वरारोहाम् (varārohām) - the fair-hipped woman (epithet for the princess) (fair-hipped, beautiful-hipped)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of varārohā

varārohā - having beautiful hips, a beautiful woman

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vara+āroha)

• vara – excellent, best, noble
  adjective (masculine)
• āroha – buttocks, hips, rising
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'tām'.

निश्चित्य (niścitya) - having ascertained, having determined, having decided

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From ni + ci (class 5) with lyap suffix (as it has a prefix).

Prefix: ni

Root: ci (class 5)

अर्थविनिश्चयम् (arthaviniścayam) - the true nature of the matter (ascertainment of the matter/purpose, definite decision of a matter)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of arthaviniścaya

arthaviniścaya - ascertainment of a matter, definite decision concerning a purpose or meaning

Compound type : tatpurusha (artha+viniścaya)

• artha – meaning, purpose, matter, object
  noun (masculine)
• viniścaya – definite ascertainment, conviction, decision
  noun (masculine)
  From vi-ni-ci with termination -a.
  Prefixes: vi+ni
  Root: ci (class 5)

Note: Direct object of 'niścitya'.