महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-176, verse-15

भीष्म उवाच ।
एवं कथयतामेव तेषां स दिवसो गतः ।
रात्रिश्च भरतश्रेष्ठ सुखशीतोष्णमारुता ॥१५॥

15. bhīṣma uvāca ,
evaṁ kathayatāmeva teṣāṁ sa divaso gataḥ ,
rātriśca bharataśreṣṭha sukhaśītoṣṇamārutā.

15. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca | evam kathayatām eva teṣām sa divasaḥ
gataḥ | rātriḥ ca bharataśreṣṭha sukhaśītoṣṇamārutā

15. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca evaṃ teṣām kathayatām eva sa divasaḥ
gataḥ ca bharataśreṣṭha rātriḥ sukhaśītoṣṇamārutā

15. Bhishma said: "While they were thus speaking, that day passed for them. And the night, O best of Bharatas, had pleasant breezes that were both cool and warm."

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma, who is speaking (Bhishma (proper name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - Bhishma said (said, spoke)

• एवम् (evam) - thus (referring to their conversation) (thus, in this manner, so)

• कथयताम् (kathayatām) - while they (Amba and Parashurama) were speaking (of those speaking, while speaking)

• एव (eva) - just, precisely (emphasizing the ongoing action) (only, just, indeed, precisely)

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - for them (referring to Amba and Parashurama) (of them, to them)

• स (sa) - that (day) (that, he)

• दिवसः (divasaḥ) - the day (day)

• गतः (gataḥ) - passed (referring to the day) (gone, passed, departed)

• रात्रिः (rātriḥ) - the night (night)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• भरतश्रेष्ठ (bharataśreṣṭha) - Addressing a listener, e.g., Janamejaya, to whom the story is being narrated (O best of Bharatas)

• सुखशीतोष्णमारुता (sukhaśītoṣṇamārutā) - the night had breezes that were pleasantly cool and warm (having pleasant cool and warm breezes)

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma, who is speaking (Bhishma (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (proper name, 'the terrible')

उवाच (uvāca) - Bhishma said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Irregular perfect form of root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

एवम् (evam) - thus (referring to their conversation) (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

कथयताम् (kathayatām) - while they (Amba and Parashurama) were speaking (of those speaking, while speaking)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kathayat

kathayat - speaking, narrating, telling

Present Active Participle

Present active participle of the root kath (often considered a 10th class root or causal of kṛ)

Root: kath (class 10)

एव (eva) - just, precisely (emphasizing the ongoing action) (only, just, indeed, precisely)

(indeclinable)

तेषाम् (teṣām) - for them (referring to Amba and Parashurama) (of them, to them)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

स (sa) - that (day) (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

दिवसः (divasaḥ) - the day (day)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of divasa

divasa - day

Root: div (class 4)

गतः (gataḥ) - passed (referring to the day) (gone, passed, departed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, passed, arrived

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root gam

Root: gam (class 1)

रात्रिः (rātriḥ) - the night (night)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of rātri

rātri - night

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

भरतश्रेष्ठ (bharataśreṣṭha) - Addressing a listener, e.g., Janamejaya, to whom the story is being narrated (O best of Bharatas)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharataśreṣṭha

bharataśreṣṭha - best of Bharatas

Compound type : tatpurusha (bharata+śreṣṭha)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata (name of an ancient king), a Bharata
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: bhṛ (class 1)
• śreṣṭha – best, excellent, foremost
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of praśasya (excellent) or śrī (prosperity)

सुखशीतोष्णमारुता (sukhaśītoṣṇamārutā) - the night had breezes that were pleasantly cool and warm (having pleasant cool and warm breezes)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sukhaśītoṣṇamāruta

sukhaśītoṣṇamāruta - having pleasant cool and warm breezes

Bahuvrihi compound describing the night (rātri)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sukha+śīta+uṣṇa+māruta)

• sukha – pleasant, happiness, ease
  noun (neuter)
• śīta – cool, cold
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: śyai (class 1)
• uṣṇa – warm, hot
  adjective (masculine)
  From root uṣ (to burn)
  Root: uṣ (class 1)
• māruta – wind, breeze
  noun (masculine)
  From Marut (wind deity) or root mṛ (to move)
  Root: mṛ (class 1)

Note: Compound describing rātriḥ