महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-4, verse-47

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
एवमुक्तस्ततो राज्ञा धौम्योऽथ द्विजसत्तमः ।
अकरोद्विधिवत्सर्वं प्रस्थाने यद्विधीयते ॥४७॥

47. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
evamuktastato rājñā dhaumyo'tha dvijasattamaḥ ,
akarodvidhivatsarvaṁ prasthāne yadvidhīyate.

47. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca evam uktaḥ tataḥ rājñā dhaumyaḥ atha
dvijasattamaḥ akarot vidhivat sarvam yat prasthāne vidhīyate

47. Vaiśaṃpāyana said: Then, thus addressed by the king, Dhaumya, the foremost among the twice-born (dvija), properly performed all that is prescribed for a departure.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - The narrator of the Mahābhārata to Janamejaya (Vaiśaṃpāyana (proper name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• एवम् (evam) - thus (having been addressed as described in the previous verse) (thus, in this manner)

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - having been spoken to (by the king) (spoken, said)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (after being addressed) (then, therefrom, afterwards)

• राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king (Yudhiṣṭhira) (by the king)

• धौम्यः (dhaumyaḥ) - Dhaumya, the priest of the Pāṇḍavas (Dhaumya (proper name))

• अथ (atha) - then (then, thereupon, now)

• द्विजसत्तमः (dvijasattamaḥ) - the foremost among the brahmins (dvija) (best of the twice-born (dvija), foremost brahmin)

• अकरोत् (akarot) - he performed (he did, he made)

• विधिवत् (vidhivat) - properly, as per prescribed rites (according to rule, properly, ritually)

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all (that was necessary) (all, everything)

• यत् (yat) - whatever (is prescribed) (which, whatever, that)

• प्रस्थाने (prasthāne) - for a departure (ceremony) (at departure, in setting forth, for a journey)

• विधीयते (vidhīyate) - is prescribed (is prescribed, is ordained, is performed)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - The narrator of the Mahābhārata to Janamejaya (Vaiśaṃpāyana (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśaṃpāyana (proper name of a sage, disciple of Vyāsa)

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Tense

From root 'vac' (to speak), perfect tense form.

Root: vac (class 2)

एवम् (evam) - thus (having been addressed as described in the previous verse) (thus, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies 'uktaḥ'.

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - having been spoken to (by the king) (spoken, said)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, told

Past Passive Participle

From root 'vac' (to speak) with suffix '-ta'.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'Dhaumyaḥ'.

ततः (tataḥ) - then (after being addressed) (then, therefrom, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of time.

राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king (Yudhiṣṭhira) (by the king)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king

Note: Agent of the passive participle 'uktaḥ'.

धौम्यः (dhaumyaḥ) - Dhaumya, the priest of the Pāṇḍavas (Dhaumya (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhaumya

dhaumya - Dhaumya (proper name of a sage, priest of the Pāṇḍavas)

Note: Subject of 'akarot'.

अथ (atha) - then (then, thereupon, now)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of sequence.

द्विजसत्तमः (dvijasattamaḥ) - the foremost among the brahmins (dvija) (best of the twice-born (dvija), foremost brahmin)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dvijasattama

dvijasattama - best of the twice-born, foremost brahmin

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvija+sattama)

• dvija – twice-born (Brahmin, Kṣatriya, Vaiśya), bird, tooth
  noun (masculine)
  From 'dvi' (two) and 'jan' (to be born).
  Prefix: dvi
  Root: jan (class 4)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative suffix '-tama' added to 'sat' (good, existent).

Note: Appositive to 'Dhaumyaḥ'.

अकरोत् (akarot) - he performed (he did, he made)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of kṛ

Imperfect Tense

From root 'kṛ' (to do), imperfect tense, 3rd person singular.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

विधिवत् (vidhivat) - properly, as per prescribed rites (according to rule, properly, ritually)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial suffix '-vat' from 'vidhi' (rule).

Note: Modifies 'akarot'.

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all (that was necessary) (all, everything)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Object of 'akarot'.

यत् (yat) - whatever (is prescribed) (which, whatever, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, whatever, that (relative pronoun)

Note: Subject of 'vidhīyate', referring back to 'sarvam'.

प्रस्थाने (prasthāne) - for a departure (ceremony) (at departure, in setting forth, for a journey)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of prasthāna

prasthāna - setting forth, departure, march, undertaking

Nominalization of verb 'pra-sthā'

From root 'sthā' (to stand) with upasarga 'pra' and suffix '-ana'.

Prefix: pra

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Indicates the context or occasion.

विधीयते (vidhīyate) - is prescribed (is prescribed, is ordained, is performed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vidhā

Present Tense

From root 'dhā' (to place) with upasarga 'vi', in passive voice.

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Refers to actions prescribed by sacred texts or custom.