महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-4, verse-38

अन्यस्मिन्प्रेष्यमाणे तु पुरस्ताद्यः समुत्पतेत् ।
अहं किं करवाणीति स राजवसतिं वसेत् ॥३८॥

38. anyasminpreṣyamāṇe tu purastādyaḥ samutpatet ,
ahaṁ kiṁ karavāṇīti sa rājavasatiṁ vaset.

38. anyasmin preṣyamāṇe tu purastāt yaḥ samutpatet
aham kim karavāṇi iti saḥ rājavasatim vaset

38. When another person is being given an order, the one who immediately steps forward from the front, saying, "What shall I do?", such a person should serve in the royal court.

Words meanings summery:

• अन्यस्मिन् (anyasmin) - when another person (in another, concerning another)

• प्रेष्यमाणे (preṣyamāṇe) - being sent, being ordered, when being commanded

• तु (tu) - but, however, indeed, on the other hand

• पुरस्तात् (purastāt) - in front, from the front, immediately, previously

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• समुत्पतेत् (samutpatet) - should jump up, should arise, should rush forward, should offer oneself

• अहम् (aham) - I

• किम् (kim) - what?, why?

• करवाणि (karavāṇi) - shall I do?, let me do

• इति (iti) - thus, saying, as

• सः (saḥ) - he, that (person)

• राजवसतिम् (rājavasatim) - royal residence, king's service, court

• वसेत् (vaset) - should dwell, should reside, should serve

Words meanings and morphology

अन्यस्मिन् (anyasmin) - when another person (in another, concerning another)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of anya

anya - other, another, different

प्रेष्यमाणे (preṣyamāṇe) - being sent, being ordered, when being commanded

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of pra-iṣ

pra-iṣ - to send forth, to command, to despatch

Present Passive Participle

formed from root iṣ (to send) with prefix pra, and passive participle suffix -yamāṇa

Prefix: pra

Root: iṣ (class 4)

तु (tu) - but, however, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

पुरस्तात् (purastāt) - in front, from the front, immediately, previously

(indeclinable)

formed from puras (before) + -tāt (ablative/locative suffix)

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, that

समुत्पतेत् (samutpatet) - should jump up, should arise, should rush forward, should offer oneself

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of sam-ut-pat

Prefixes: sam+ut

Root: pat (class 1)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I (first person pronoun)

किम् (kim) - what?, why?

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, why, how

करवाणि (karavāṇi) - shall I do?, let me do

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

इति (iti) - thus, saying, as

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - he, that (person)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

राजवसतिम् (rājavasatim) - royal residence, king's service, court

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of rājavasati

rājavasati - dwelling of the king, royal abode, service of the king

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (rājan+vasati)

• rājan – king, ruler, sovereign
  noun (masculine)
• vasati – dwelling, abode, residence
  noun (feminine)
  from root vas (to dwell)
  Root: vas (class 1)

वसेत् (vaset) - should dwell, should reside, should serve

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of vas

Root: vas (class 1)