महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-4, verse-21

नास्यानिष्टानि सेवेत नाहितैः सह संवसेत् ।
स्वस्थानान्न विकम्पेत स राजवसतिं वसेत् ॥२१॥

21. nāsyāniṣṭāni seveta nāhitaiḥ saha saṁvaset ,
svasthānānna vikampeta sa rājavasatiṁ vaset.

21. na asya aniṣṭāni seveta na ahitaiḥ saha saṃvaset
| svasthānāt na vikampeta sa rājavsatim vaset

21. One should not attend to matters displeasing to the king, nor should one associate with those who are hostile to him. One should not waver from one's own proper position. Such a person should indeed dwell in the royal residence.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• अस्य (asya) - of the king (his, of him, of this)

• अनिष्टानि (aniṣṭāni) - matters displeasing to the king (unpleasant things, dislikes, enemies)

• सेवेत (seveta) - he should serve, attend, engage in

• न (na) - not, nor

• अहितैः (ahitaiḥ) - with those who are hostile to the king (with enemies, with those who are not beneficial)

• सह (saha) - with, together with

• संवसेत् (saṁvaset) - he should reside, live with

• स्वस्थानात् (svasthānāt) - from one's own proper duty or status (from one's own place/position)

• न (na) - not

• विकम्पेत (vikampeta) - he should waver, tremble, deviate

• स (sa) - he, such a one

• राजव्सतिम् (rājavsatim) - royal abode, royal residence

• वसेत् (vaset) - he should dwell, live

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अस्य (asya) - of the king (his, of him, of this)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the king, implied from context.

अनिष्टानि (aniṣṭāni) - matters displeasing to the king (unpleasant things, dislikes, enemies)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of aniṣṭa

aniṣṭa - undesired, unfavorable, unpleasant, enemy

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root iṣ- with kta suffix, prefixed with 'a' (negative)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+iṣṭa)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• iṣṭa – desired, wished, agreeable
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root iṣ- with kta suffix
  Root: iṣ (class 4)

सेवेत (seveta) - he should serve, attend, engage in

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (liṅ) of sev

Root: sev (class 1)

न (na) - not, nor

(indeclinable)

अहितैः (ahitaiḥ) - with those who are hostile to the king (with enemies, with those who are not beneficial)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ahita

ahita - unbeneficial, hostile, enemy

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root dhā- with kta suffix, prefixed with 'a' (negative)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+hita)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• hita – beneficial, good, placed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root dhā- with kta suffix
  Root: dhā (class 3)

सह (saha) - with, together with

(indeclinable)

संवसेत् (saṁvaset) - he should reside, live with

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of saṃvas

Prefix: sam

Root: vas (class 1)

स्वस्थानात् (svasthānāt) - from one's own proper duty or status (from one's own place/position)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of svasthāna

svasthāna - one's own place, proper position

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (sva+sthāna)

• sva – own, one's own
  adjective (neuter)
• sthāna – place, position, stand
  noun (neuter)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

विकम्पेत (vikampeta) - he should waver, tremble, deviate

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (liṅ) of vikamp

Prefix: vi

Root: kamp (class 1)

स (sa) - he, such a one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

राजव्सतिम् (rājavsatim) - royal abode, royal residence

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of rājavsati

rājavsati - royal abode, king's dwelling

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (rājan+vasati)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• vasati – dwelling, residence, abode
  noun (feminine)
  Root: vas (class 1)

वसेत् (vaset) - he should dwell, live

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of vas

Root: vas (class 1)