महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-4, verse-45

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
अनुशिष्टाः स्म भद्रं ते नैतद्वक्तास्ति कश्चन ।
कुन्तीमृते मातरं नो विदुरं च महामतिम् ॥४५॥

45. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
anuśiṣṭāḥ sma bhadraṁ te naitadvaktāsti kaścana ,
kuntīmṛte mātaraṁ no viduraṁ ca mahāmatim.

45. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca anuśiṣṭāḥ sma bhadram te na etat vaktā
asti kaścana kuntīm ṛte mātaram naḥ viduram ca mahāmatim

45. Yudhiṣṭhira said: "We have been taught well; hail to you. No one else has spoken these words to us, apart from our mother Kuntī and the great-minded Vidura."

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira, the eldest Pāṇḍava brother (Yudhiṣṭhira)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• अनुशिष्टाः (anuśiṣṭāḥ) - well-instructed (by the sage Dhaumya) (instructed, taught, disciplined)

• स्म (sma) - indicates past tense for 'anuśiṣṭāḥ' (which is technically a participle used predicatively) (indeed, certainly (when used with present tense to denote past action))

• भद्रम् (bhadram) - good fortune (well-being, good, auspiciousness)

• ते (te) - to you (singular, referring to Dhaumya) (to you, your)

• न (na) - not

• एतत् (etat) - this (advice/instruction) (this, this one, it)

• वक्ता (vaktā) - one who gives this advice (speaker, one who speaks)

• अस्ति (asti) - is (present) (is, exists)

• कश्चन (kaścana) - anyone (in a negative context, 'no one') (anyone, someone)

• कुन्तीम् (kuntīm) - Kuntī (mother of the Pāṇḍavas) (Kuntī)

• ऋते (ṛte) - except (except, without)

• मातरम् (mātaram) - our mother (mother)

• नः (naḥ) - our (our, to us)

• विदुरम् (viduram) - Vidura (proper name) (Vidura)

• च (ca) - and

• महामतिम् (mahāmatim) - the great-minded (Vidura) (great-minded, highly intelligent)

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira, the eldest Pāṇḍava brother (Yudhiṣṭhira)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira (proper name, 'steady in battle')

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Tense

From root 'vac' (to speak), perfect tense form.

Root: vac (class 2)

अनुशिष्टाः (anuśiṣṭāḥ) - well-instructed (by the sage Dhaumya) (instructed, taught, disciplined)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anuśiṣṭa

anuśiṣṭa - instructed, taught, disciplined

Past Passive Participle

From root 'śās' (to teach, to rule) with upasarga 'anu'.

Prefix: anu

Root: śās (class 2)

Note: Agrees with the implied subject 'we' (vayam).

स्म (sma) - indicates past tense for 'anuśiṣṭāḥ' (which is technically a participle used predicatively) (indeed, certainly (when used with present tense to denote past action))

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with 'anuśiṣṭāḥ' to signify past action, 'we have been instructed'.

भद्रम् (bhadram) - good fortune (well-being, good, auspiciousness)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhadra

bhadra - good, auspicious, blessed, well-being

Note: Part of the idiom 'bhadraṃ te' meaning 'may good be to you' or 'hail to you'.

ते (te) - to you (singular, referring to Dhaumya) (to you, your)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of tvad

tvad - you (pronoun)

Note: Part of the idiom 'bhadraṃ te' (hail to you).

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb 'asti'.

एतत् (etat) - this (advice/instruction) (this, this one, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one, it

Note: Object of 'vaktā' (speaker of this).

वक्ता (vaktā) - one who gives this advice (speaker, one who speaks)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaktṛ

vaktṛ - speaker, orator, one who speaks

Agent Noun

From root 'vac' (to speak) with suffix '-tṛ'.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Subject of 'asti'.

अस्ति (asti) - is (present) (is, exists)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Tense

From root 'as' (to be), present tense, 3rd person singular.

Root: as (class 2)

कश्चन (kaścana) - anyone (in a negative context, 'no one') (anyone, someone)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaścana

kaścana - anyone, someone (often with negative implication 'no one')

Indefinite pronoun formed from 'ka' (who) and '-cana'.

Note: Used with 'na' to mean 'no one'.

कुन्तीम् (kuntīm) - Kuntī (mother of the Pāṇḍavas) (Kuntī)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kuntī

kuntī - Kuntī (proper name, mother of the Pāṇḍavas)

Note: Object of the indeclinable 'ṛte'.

ऋते (ṛte) - except (except, without)

(indeclinable)

Note: Governs the accusative case (kuntīm, mātaram, viduram).

मातरम् (mātaram) - our mother (mother)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

Note: Appositive to Kuntīm, governed by ṛte.

नः (naḥ) - our (our, to us)

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of asmad

asmad - we, us (pronoun)

Note: Possessive pronoun modifying 'mātaram'.

विदुरम् (viduram) - Vidura (proper name) (Vidura)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vidura

vidura - Vidura (proper name, 'wise, skilled')

Note: Governed by 'ṛte' and connected by 'ca'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'Kuntī' and 'Vidura'.

महामतिम् (mahāmatim) - the great-minded (Vidura) (great-minded, highly intelligent)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahāmati

mahāmati - great-minded, highly intelligent

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+mati)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• mati – mind, intelligence, thought
  noun (feminine)

Note: Appositive to 'viduram'.