महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-4, verse-34

प्रत्यक्षं च परोक्षं च गुणवादी विचक्षणः ।
उपजीवी भवेद्राज्ञो विषये चापि यो वसेत् ॥३४॥

34. pratyakṣaṁ ca parokṣaṁ ca guṇavādī vicakṣaṇaḥ ,
upajīvī bhavedrājño viṣaye cāpi yo vaset.

34. pratyakṣam ca parokṣam ca guṇavādī vicakṣaṇaḥ
upajīvī bhavet rājñaḥ viṣaye ca api yaḥ vaset

34. A discerning and wise person who speaks favorably of the king's qualities, both in his presence and absence, and who resides in his domain, should be a dependent (servant) of the king.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रत्यक्षम् (pratyakṣam) - direct, visible, in presence

• च (ca) - and, also

• परोक्षम् (parokṣam) - indirect, invisible, in absence

• च (ca) - and, also

• गुणवादी (guṇavādī) - speaker of good qualities, one who praises virtues

• विचक्षणः (vicakṣaṇaḥ) - discerning, wise, clever, skillful

• उपजीवी (upajīvī) - dependent, living upon, subsisting by

• भवेत् (bhavet) - should be, may be, would be

• राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king

• विषये (viṣaye) - in the king's domain (in the domain, in the territory, in the object (of sense))

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - also, even

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• वसेत् (vaset) - should dwell, may dwell, should reside

Words meanings and morphology

प्रत्यक्षम् (pratyakṣam) - direct, visible, in presence

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pratyakṣa

pratyakṣa - perceptible, visible, present, direct

From prati + akṣa

Compound type : avyayībhāva (prati+akṣa)

• prati – towards, against, in front of
  indeclinable
• akṣa – eye, sense
  noun (neuter)

Note: Used adverbially.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

परोक्षम् (parokṣam) - indirect, invisible, in absence

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of parokṣa

parokṣa - beyond the sight, indirect, absent, invisible

From para + akṣa

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (para+akṣa)

• para – other, distant, supreme
  adjective (masculine)
• akṣa – eye, sense
  noun (neuter)

Note: Used adverbially.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

गुणवादी (guṇavādī) - speaker of good qualities, one who praises virtues

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of guṇavādin

guṇavādin - speaking of virtues, praising merits, encomiast

From guṇa + vādin

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (guṇa+vādin)

• guṇa – quality, virtue, merit, strand
  noun (masculine)
• vādin – speaking, talking, asserting
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun from root vad
  Agent noun from root vad + ṇin
  Root: vad (class 1)

विचक्षणः (vicakṣaṇaḥ) - discerning, wise, clever, skillful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vicakṣaṇa

vicakṣaṇa - discerning, wise, clever, skillful, expert

From root cakṣ with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: cakṣ (class 2)

उपजीवी (upajīvī) - dependent, living upon, subsisting by

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of upajīvin

upajīvin - dependent, living upon, subsisting by, servant

Agent noun from root jīv with prefix upa

Agent noun from root jīv + ṇin

Prefix: upa

Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Often used as a noun meaning 'dependent' or 'servant'.

भवेत् (bhavet) - should be, may be, would be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of bhū

optative active

Root: bhū (class 1)

राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign, ruler

विषये (viṣaye) - in the king's domain (in the domain, in the territory, in the object (of sense))

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of viṣaya

viṣaya - domain, territory, sphere, object of sense, subject

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, whoever

वसेत् (vaset) - should dwell, may dwell, should reside

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of vas

optative active

Root: vas (class 1)