महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-4, verse-30

न चातिधैर्येण चरेद्गुरुतां हि व्रजेत्तथा ।
स्मितं तु मृदुपूर्वेण दर्शयेत प्रसादजम् ॥३०॥

30. na cātidhairyeṇa caredgurutāṁ hi vrajettathā ,
smitaṁ tu mṛdupūrveṇa darśayeta prasādajam.

30. na ca atidhairyeṇa caret gurutām hi vrajet
tathā smitam tu mṛdupūrveṇa darśayeta prasādajam

30. One should not behave with excessive firmness, for that would indeed lead to arrogance. Instead, one should display a smile that is gentle initially and arises from a clear, gracious disposition.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and, also

• अतिधैर्येण (atidhairyeṇa) - with excessive firmness/patience

• चरेत् (caret) - one should behave, one should act

• गुरुताम् (gurutām) - heaviness, importance, arrogance

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

• व्रजेत् (vrajet) - one should go, one should attain

• तथा (tathā) - in that manner, thus

• स्मितम् (smitam) - smile

• तु (tu) - but, indeed

• मृदुपूर्वेण (mṛdupūrveṇa) - with a gentle beginning, gently at first

• दर्शयेत (darśayeta) - one should show/display

• प्रसादजम् (prasādajam) - born of graciousness/clarity

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अतिधैर्येण (atidhairyeṇa) - with excessive firmness/patience

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of atidhairya

atidhairya - excessive firmness, over-patience, over-boldness

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ati+dhairya)

• ati – over, excessively
  indeclinable
• dhairya – firmness, patience, intrepidity, constancy
  noun (neuter)
  from 'dhīra' (firm, patient)

चरेत् (caret) - one should behave, one should act

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of car

Optative Mood, 3rd Person Singular, Active Voice

Root: car (class 1)

गुरुताम् (gurutām) - heaviness, importance, arrogance

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gurutā

gurutā - heaviness, importance, arrogance, dignity

from 'guru' + -tā (feminine suffix)

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

(indeclinable)

व्रजेत् (vrajet) - one should go, one should attain

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of vraj

Optative Mood, 3rd Person Singular, Active Voice

Root: vraj (class 1)

तथा (tathā) - in that manner, thus

(indeclinable)

स्मितम् (smitam) - smile

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of smita

smita - a smile, smiling (Past Passive Participle)

Past Passive Participle used as a noun

Root: smi (class 1)

तु (tu) - but, indeed

(indeclinable)

मृदुपूर्वेण (mṛdupūrveṇa) - with a gentle beginning, gently at first

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of mṛdupūrva

mṛdupūrva - having a gentle beginning

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mṛdu+pūrva)

• mṛdu – soft, gentle, tender
  adjective (masculine)
• pūrva – first, earlier, prior, beginning
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Used adverbially to describe the manner of showing the smile.

दर्शयेत (darśayeta) - one should show/display

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (vidhi liṅ) of darśaya

Optative Mood, 3rd Person Singular, Middle Voice (causative)

Causative stem from root 'dṛś', + optative endings

Root: dṛś (class 1)

प्रसादजम् (prasādajam) - born of graciousness/clarity

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of prasādaja

prasādaja - born from clarity/graciousness/serenity

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (prasāda+ja)

• prasāda – clearness, serenity, graciousness, favor
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: sad (class 1)
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective (masculine)
  from root 'jan' + -a
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Agrees with `smitam`.