महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-4, verse-20

नाहमस्य प्रियोऽस्मीति मत्वा सेवेत पण्डितः ।
अप्रमत्तश्च यत्तश्च हितं कुर्यात्प्रियं च यत् ॥२०॥

20. nāhamasya priyo'smīti matvā seveta paṇḍitaḥ ,
apramattaśca yattaśca hitaṁ kuryātpriyaṁ ca yat.

20. na aham asya priyaḥ asmi iti matvā seveta paṇḍitaḥ
| apramattaḥ ca yattaḥ ca hitam kuryāt priyam ca yat

20. A wise person should serve, even if he considers, "I am not favored by him." Moreover, he should diligently and carefully perform actions that are both beneficial and pleasing.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• अहम् (aham) - I

• अस्य (asya) - of the king (his, of him, of this)

• प्रियः (priyaḥ) - dear, beloved, favored

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• इति (iti) - thus, so saying, indicating direct speech

• मत्वा (matvā) - having thought, considering

• सेवेत (seveta) - he should serve, attend

• पण्डितः (paṇḍitaḥ) - a wise person, scholar

• अप्रमत्तः (apramattaḥ) - diligent, heedful, not negligent

• च (ca) - and

• यत्तः (yattaḥ) - careful, controlled, prepared

• च (ca) - and

• हितम् (hitam) - beneficial, good (thing)

• कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - he should do, perform

• प्रियम् (priyam) - pleasing, agreeable (thing)

• च (ca) - and

• यत् (yat) - which, whatever

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

अस्य (asya) - of the king (his, of him, of this)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the king, implied from context.

प्रियः (priyaḥ) - dear, beloved, favored

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of priya

priya - dear, beloved, favorite, pleasing

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

इति (iti) - thus, so saying, indicating direct speech

(indeclinable)

मत्वा (matvā) - having thought, considering

(indeclinable)

absolutive

from root man- with suffix -tvā

Root: man (class 4)

सेवेत (seveta) - he should serve, attend

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (liṅ) of sev

Root: sev (class 1)

पण्डितः (paṇḍitaḥ) - a wise person, scholar

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paṇḍita

paṇḍita - wise, learned, scholar

अप्रमत्तः (apramattaḥ) - diligent, heedful, not negligent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of apramatta

apramatta - diligent, careful, not careless

Past Passive Participle

Derived from pra-mad + kta suffix, with 'a' negative prefix

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+pramatta)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• pramatta – careless, negligent, intoxicated
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from pra-mad + kta suffix
  Prefix: pra
  Root: mad (class 4)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

यत्तः (yattaḥ) - careful, controlled, prepared

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yatta

yatta - controlled, diligent, prepared

Past Passive Participle

Derived from yam- with kta suffix

Root: yam (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

हितम् (hitam) - beneficial, good (thing)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of hita

hita - beneficial, good, welfare, suitable

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root dhā- with kta suffix, meaning 'placed, suitable, beneficial'

Root: dhā (class 3)

कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - he should do, perform

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

प्रियम् (priyam) - pleasing, agreeable (thing)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of priya

priya - dear, beloved, pleasing

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

यत् (yat) - which, whatever

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what