महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-4, verse-36

श्रेयः सदात्मनो दृष्ट्वा परं राज्ञा न संवदेत् ।
विशेषयेन्न राजानं योग्याभूमिषु सर्वदा ॥३६॥

36. śreyaḥ sadātmano dṛṣṭvā paraṁ rājñā na saṁvadet ,
viśeṣayenna rājānaṁ yogyābhūmiṣu sarvadā.

36. śreyaḥ sadā ātmanaḥ dṛṣṭvā param rājñā na
saṃvadét viśeṣayet na rājānam yogyābhūmiṣu sarvadā

36. Having considered one's own ultimate welfare (śreyas), one should not discuss it with the king. One should also never try to surpass the king in appropriate circumstances.

Words meanings summery:

• श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - welfare, good, prosperity, ultimate good

• सदा (sadā) - always, ever, constantly

• आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of the self, of oneself

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having considered, having perceived

• परम् (param) - referring to the superior nature of one's welfare (śreyas) (superior, higher, excellent, principal, ultimate)

• राज्ञा (rājñā) - with the king, by the king

• न (na) - not, no

• संवदे́त् (saṁvadét) - should speak, should converse, should discuss

• विशेषयेत् (viśeṣayet) - should surpass, should excel, should distinguish oneself

• न (na) - not, no

• राजानम् (rājānam) - the king

• योग्याभूमिषु (yogyābhūmiṣu) - in suitable places, in appropriate circumstances/fields

• सर्वदा (sarvadā) - always, at all times, forever

Words meanings and morphology

श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - welfare, good, prosperity, ultimate good

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śreyas

śreyas - ultimate welfare, good, merit, prosperity

comparative form of praśasya (excellent), meaning 'better' or 'more excellent' and used as a noun for 'welfare' or 'ultimate good'

सदा (sadā) - always, ever, constantly

(indeclinable)

आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of the self, of oneself

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, individual (ātman), true nature

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having considered, having perceived

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

formed from root dṛś with suffix -tvā

Root: dṛś (class 1)

परम् (param) - referring to the superior nature of one's welfare (śreyas) (superior, higher, excellent, principal, ultimate)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of para

para - other, supreme, ultimate, highest, next, distant

राज्ञा (rājñā) - with the king, by the king

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

संवदे́त् (saṁvadét) - should speak, should converse, should discuss

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of saṃ-vad

Prefix: sam

Root: vad (class 1)

विशेषयेत् (viśeṣayet) - should surpass, should excel, should distinguish oneself

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of vi-śiṣ

causative of vi-śiṣ (to leave, to be left) in the sense of distinguishing or excelling

Prefix: vi

Root: śiṣ (class 7)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

राजानम् (rājānam) - the king

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

योग्याभूमिषु (yogyābhūmiṣu) - in suitable places, in appropriate circumstances/fields

(noun)

Locative, feminine, plural of yogyābhūmi

yogyābhūmi - suitable place, appropriate ground/field, proper circumstance

Compound type : karmadhāraya (yogyā+bhūmi)

• yogyā – suitable, fit, proper, capable
  adjective (feminine)
  Gerundive
  from root yuj + -ya (gerundive suffix)
  Root: yuj (class 7)
• bhūmi – ground, place, earth, land, field, stage
  noun (feminine)

सर्वदा (sarvadā) - always, at all times, forever

(indeclinable)

formed from sarva (all) + -dā (suffix for 'at what time')