महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-38, verse-51

येनासौ व्यजयत्कृत्स्नां प्रतीचीं दिशमाहवे ।
कलापो ह्येष तस्यासीन्माद्रीपुत्रस्य धीमतः ॥५१॥

51. yenāsau vyajayatkṛtsnāṁ pratīcīṁ diśamāhave ,
kalāpo hyeṣa tasyāsīnmādrīputrasya dhīmataḥ.

51. yena asau vyajayat kṛtsnām pratīcīm diśam āhave
kalāpaḥ hi eṣa tasya āsīt mādrīputrasya dhīmataḥ

51. Indeed, this quiver belonged to that intelligent son of Mādrī (Sahadeva), with which he conquered the entire western direction in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• येन (yena) - by which (quiver) (by whom, by which)

• असौ (asau) - that (Sahadeva), he (that (person), he)

• व्यजयत् (vyajayat) - conquered (conquered, defeated)

• कृत्स्नाम् (kṛtsnām) - entire (entire, whole)

• प्रतीचीम् (pratīcīm) - western

• दिशम् (diśam) - direction (direction, quarter)

• आहवे (āhave) - in battle (in battle, in combat)

• कलापः (kalāpaḥ) - quiver (quiver, collection, bundle)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because)

• एष (eṣa) - this (quiver) (this, this one)

• तस्य (tasya) - his, of that (Sahadeva) (his, of him, of that)

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was, belonged (was, existed)

• माद्रीपुत्रस्य (mādrīputrasya) - of the son of Mādrī (Sahadeva) (of the son of Mādrī)

• धीमतः (dhīmataḥ) - intelligent (intelligent, wise, thoughtful)

Words meanings and morphology

येन (yena) - by which (quiver) (by whom, by which)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine/neuter, singular of ya

ya - who, which

Note: Instrumental singular of the relative pronoun 'ya'. Refers to the quiver.

असौ (asau) - that (Sahadeva), he (that (person), he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adas

adas - that, this, he, she, it

Note: Nominative singular masculine of the demonstrative pronoun 'adas'. Refers to Sahadeva.

व्यजयत् (vyajayat) - conquered (conquered, defeated)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vyajayat

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice of the root 'ji' with upasargas 'vi' and 'a'.

Prefixes: vi+a

Root: ji (class 1)

कृत्स्नाम् (kṛtsnām) - entire (entire, whole)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kṛtsna

kṛtsna - whole, entire, complete

Note: Agrees with 'diśam'.

प्रतीचीम् (pratīcīm) - western

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pratīcī

pratīcī - western, going west

Derived from 'prati' + 'añc'.

Prefix: prati

Root: añc (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'diśam'.

दिशम् (diśam) - direction (direction, quarter)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of diś

diś - direction, quarter, region

Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Object of 'vyajayat'.

आहवे (āhave) - in battle (in battle, in combat)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of āhava

āhava - battle, combat, war

Derived from root 'hve' with 'ā' prefix.

Prefix: ā

Root: hve (class 1)

कलापः (kalāpaḥ) - quiver (quiver, collection, bundle)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kalāpa

kalāpa - quiver, bundle, collection, peacock's tail

Note: Subject of the second clause.

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

एष (eṣa) - this (quiver) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this

Note: Nominative singular masculine of the demonstrative pronoun 'etad'. Refers to 'kalāpaḥ'.

तस्य (tasya) - his, of that (Sahadeva) (his, of him, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Genitive singular masculine of the pronoun 'tad'. Refers to Sahadeva.

आसीत् (āsīt) - was, belonged (was, existed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice of the root 'as'.

Root: as (class 2)

माद्रीपुत्रस्य (mādrīputrasya) - of the son of Mādrī (Sahadeva) (of the son of Mādrī)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mādrīputra

mādrīputra - son of Mādrī

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mādrī+putra)

• mādrī – Mādrī (name of a princess, mother of Nakula and Sahadeva)
  proper noun (feminine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Sahadeva.

धीमतः (dhīmataḥ) - intelligent (intelligent, wise, thoughtful)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dhīmat

dhīmat - intelligent, wise, thoughtful

Possessive adjective from 'dhī' (intellect) + 'matup' suffix.

Note: Agrees with 'mādrīputrasya'.