महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-38, verse-22

तपनीयस्य शुद्धस्य षष्टिर्यस्येन्द्रगोपकाः ।
पृष्ठे विभक्ताः शोभन्ते कस्यैतद्धनुरुत्तमम् ॥२२॥

22. tapanīyasya śuddhasya ṣaṣṭiryasyendragopakāḥ ,
pṛṣṭhe vibhaktāḥ śobhante kasyaitaddhanuruttamam.

22. tapanīyasya śuddhasya ṣaṣṭiḥ yasya indragopakāḥ
pṛṣṭhe vibhaktāḥ śobhante kasya etat dhanuḥ uttamam

22. On whose bow do sixty 'indragopaka' gems of pure refined gold (tapanīya) shine, beautifully arranged on its back? Whose is this excellent bow?

Words meanings summery:

• तपनीयस्य (tapanīyasya) - of refined gold (of gold, of refined gold, of heating/purifying)

• शुद्धस्य (śuddhasya) - of pure (gold) (of pure, of clean)

• षष्टिः (ṣaṣṭiḥ) - sixty

• यस्य (yasya) - of which (bow) (whose, of which)

• इन्द्रगोपकाः (indragopakāḥ) - indragopaka gems or ornaments (likely red, resembling the beetle) (indragopaka insects (red beetles), indragopaka gems)

• पृष्ठे (pṛṣṭhe) - on the back (of the bow) (on the back, on the surface, behind)

• विभक्ताः (vibhaktāḥ) - beautifully arranged, distinctly placed (divided, distributed, arranged)

• शोभन्ते (śobhante) - shine, are beautiful, are adorned

• कस्य (kasya) - whose, of whom

• एतत् (etat) - this

• धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

• उत्तमम् (uttamam) - excellent, best, supreme

Words meanings and morphology

तपनीयस्य (tapanīyasya) - of refined gold (of gold, of refined gold, of heating/purifying)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of tapanīya

tapanīya - gold, refined gold, to be heated, to be purified

Gerundive or noun

From root tap (to heat, purify). Here used as a noun.

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'indragopakāḥ' as being made of gold.

शुद्धस्य (śuddhasya) - of pure (gold) (of pure, of clean)

(adjective)

Genitive, neuter, singular of śuddha

śuddha - pure, clean, clear, faultless

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root śudh (to purify, cleanse).

Root: śudh (class 4)

षष्टिः (ṣaṣṭiḥ) - sixty

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ṣaṣṭi

ṣaṣṭi - sixty

Cardinal number.

Note: Acts as a numeral for 'indragopakāḥ'.

यस्य (yasya) - of which (bow) (whose, of which)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine/neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that (relative pronoun)

Note: Refers to 'dhanuḥ'.

इन्द्रगोपकाः (indragopakāḥ) - indragopaka gems or ornaments (likely red, resembling the beetle) (indragopaka insects (red beetles), indragopaka gems)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of indragopaka

indragopaka - a kind of red insect (coccus), a red jewel or ornament resembling it

Compound of indra (Indra) and gopaka (protector). Refers to a bright red object.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (indra+gopaka)

• indra – Indra (name of a deity), best, chief
  proper noun (masculine)
• gopaka – protector, cowherd
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root gup (to protect).
  Root: gup (class 1)

पृष्ठे (pṛṣṭhe) - on the back (of the bow) (on the back, on the surface, behind)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of pṛṣṭha

pṛṣṭha - back, surface, top

विभक्ताः (vibhaktāḥ) - beautifully arranged, distinctly placed (divided, distributed, arranged)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vibhaktā

vibhaktā - divided, separated, distributed, arranged, distinguished

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root bhaj (to divide, share) with upasarga vi.

Prefix: vi

Root: bhaj (class 1)

शोभन्ते (śobhante) - shine, are beautiful, are adorned

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of śubh

Present tense, 3rd person plural, middle voice (ātmanepada)

Root śubh (class 1).

Root: śubh (class 1)

कस्य (kasya) - whose, of whom

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine/neuter, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which (interrogative pronoun)

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of etad

etad - this (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Refers to 'dhanuḥ'.

धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow, arc, rainbow

उत्तमम् (uttamam) - excellent, best, supreme

(adjective)

neuter, singular of uttama

uttama - excellent, best, highest, supreme

Superlative degree of 'ud' (up).

Note: Agrees with 'dhanuḥ'.