महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-38, verse-36

बृहन्नडोवाच ।
यन्मां पूर्वमिहापृच्छः शत्रुसेनानिबर्हणम् ।
गाण्डीवमेतत्पार्थस्य लोकेषु विदितं धनुः ॥३६॥

36. bṛhannaḍovāca ,
yanmāṁ pūrvamihāpṛcchaḥ śatrusenānibarhaṇam ,
gāṇḍīvametatpārthasya lokeṣu viditaṁ dhanuḥ.

36. bṛhannalaḥ uvāca yat mām pūrvam iha apṛcchaḥ śatrusenānibarhaṇam
gāṇḍīvam etat pārthasya lokeṣu viditam dhanuḥ

36. Bṛhannalā said, "O destroyer of enemy armies, what you previously asked me about here — this Gāṇḍīva is Pārtha's (Arjuna's) bow, renowned in all the worlds."

Words meanings summery:

• बृहन्नलः (bṛhannalaḥ) - Bṛhannalā

• उवाच (uvāca) - said

• यत् (yat) - what, which

• माम् (mām) - me

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - previously, before

• इह (iha) - here, in this place

• अपृच्छः (apṛcchaḥ) - you asked

• शत्रुसेनानिबर्हणम् (śatrusenānibarhaṇam) - O destroyer of enemy armies

• गाण्डीवम् (gāṇḍīvam) - Gāṇḍīva (Arjuna's bow)

• एतत् (etat) - this

• पार्थस्य (pārthasya) - of Pārtha (Arjuna)

• लोकेषु (lokeṣu) - in the worlds, among people

• विदितम् (viditam) - known, famous, understood

• धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

Words meanings and morphology

बृहन्नलः (bṛhannalaḥ) - Bṛhannalā

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bṛhannalā

bṛhannalā - Bṛhannalā (Arjuna's disguise)

Note: Grammatically feminine, but refers to Arjuna in feminine disguise.

उवाच (uvāca) - said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of √vac

Perfect, active voice, 3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

यत् (yat) - what, which

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what

Note: Object of 'apṛcchaḥ'.

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Object of 'apṛcchaḥ'.

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - previously, before

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions as an adverb here.

इह (iha) - here, in this place

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of place.

अपृच्छः (apṛcchaḥ) - you asked

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of √prach

Imperfect, active voice, 2nd person singular

Root: prach (class 6)

Note: The initial 'a' denotes the imperfect tense.

शत्रुसेनानिबर्हणम् (śatrusenānibarhaṇam) - O destroyer of enemy armies

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of śatrusenānibarhaṇa

śatrusenānibarhaṇa - destroyer of enemy armies

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śatrusenā+nibarhaṇa)

• śatrusenā – enemy army
  noun (feminine)
• nibarhaṇa – destruction, destroyer
  noun (neuter)
  noun of action/agent
  Prefix: ni
  Root: bṛh

Note: Addresses Yudhiṣṭhira.

गाण्डीवम् (gāṇḍīvam) - Gāṇḍīva (Arjuna's bow)

(proper noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of gāṇḍīva

gāṇḍīva - Gāṇḍīva (the name of Arjuna's bow)

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this

Note: Qualifies 'gāṇḍīvam' and 'dhanuḥ'.

पार्थस्य (pārthasya) - of Pārtha (Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), hence Arjuna

Note: Refers to Arjuna.

लोकेषु (lokeṣu) - in the worlds, among people

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world, people, realm

विदितम् (viditam) - known, famous, understood

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vidita

vidita - known, understood, famous

Past Passive Participle

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'dhanuḥ'.

धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow

Note: Predicate nominative for 'Gāṇḍīva'.