महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-62, verse-6

अथार्धरात्रसमये निःशब्दस्तिमिते तदा ।
सुप्ते सार्थे परिश्रान्ते हस्तियूथमुपागमत् ।
पानीयार्थं गिरिनदीं मदप्रस्रवणाविलाम् ॥६॥

6. athārdharātrasamaye niḥśabdastimite tadā ,
supte sārthe pariśrānte hastiyūthamupāgamat ,
pānīyārthaṁ girinadīṁ madaprasravaṇāvilām.

6. atha ardharātrasamaye niḥśabdaḥ
stimite tadā | supte sārthe pariśrānte
hastiyūtham upāgamat |
pānīyārtham girinadīm madaprasravaṇāvilām

6. Then, at midnight, when everything was silent and still, and the exhausted caravan was asleep, a herd of elephants approached the mountain river for water, making it muddy and agitated with the flow of their rut.

6. ואז, בחצות הלילה, כשהכול היה שקט ודומם והשיירה העייפה ישנה, הגיעה אל המקום עדר פילים שבא לשתות מנהר ההר, שמימיו עכורים מהנוזל שנוטף מרקות הפילים.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

• अर्धरात्रसमये (ardharātrasamaye) - at midnight

• निःशब्दः (niḥśabdaḥ) - silent, noiseless

• स्तिमिते (stimite) - in the still, in the motionless

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• सुप्ते (supte) - asleep, sleeping

• सार्थे (sārthe) - in the caravan, for the caravan

• परिश्रान्ते (pariśrānte) - exhausted, very weary

• हस्तियूथम् (hastiyūtham) - herd of elephants

• उपागमत् (upāgamat) - it approached, it came near

• पानीयार्थम् (pānīyārtham) - for the sake of water, for drinking water

• गिरिनदीम् (girinadīm) - mountain river

• मदप्रस्रवणाविलाम् (madaprasravaṇāvilām) - turbid with the flow of rut, muddied by rut

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

(indeclinable)

अर्धरात्रसमये (ardharātrasamaye) - at midnight

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ardharātrasamaya

ardharātrasamaya - time of midnight, midnight

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ardharātra+samaya)

• ardharātra – midnight, half night
  noun (neuter)
• samaya – time, occasion, agreement
  noun (masculine)

निःशब्दः (niḥśabdaḥ) - silent, noiseless

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niḥśabda

niḥśabda - silent, without sound

Compound type : bahuvrihi (nis+śabda)

• nis – without, out, away
  indeclinable
• śabda – sound, word
  noun (masculine)

Note: Describes the general atmosphere.

स्तिमिते (stimite) - in the still, in the motionless

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of stimita

stimita - motionless, still, tranquil, wet

Past Passive Participle

Root: stim (class 1)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

सुप्ते (supte) - asleep, sleeping

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of supta

supta - asleep, sleeping, dormant

Past Passive Participle

Root: svap (class 2)

Note: Agrees with `sārthe`.

सार्थे (sārthe) - in the caravan, for the caravan

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of sārtha

sārtha - caravan, company, troop

परिश्रान्ते (pariśrānte) - exhausted, very weary

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of pariśrānta

pariśrānta - very weary, exhausted

Past Passive Participle

Prefix: pari

Root: śram (class 4)

Note: Agrees with `sārthe`.

हस्तियूथम् (hastiyūtham) - herd of elephants

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of hastiyūtha

hastiyūtha - herd of elephants

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (hasti+yūtha)

• hastin – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• yūtha – herd, flock, multitude
  noun (neuter)

Note: Subject of 'upāgamat'.

उपागमत् (upāgamat) - it approached, it came near

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Imperfect (Laṅ) of upāgam

Derived from upa + ā + gam.

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

पानीयार्थम् (pānīyārtham) - for the sake of water, for drinking water

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pānīyārtha

pānīyārtha - for water, for the purpose of drinking water

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pānīya+artha)

• pānīya – drinkable, water
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundive
  Root: pā (class 1)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used adverbially to express purpose.

गिरिनदीम् (girinadīm) - mountain river

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of girinadī

girinadī - mountain river

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (giri+nadī)

• giri – mountain, hill
  noun (masculine)
• nadī – river
  noun (feminine)

Note: Object of 'upāgamat'.

मदप्रस्रवणाविलाम् (madaprasravaṇāvilām) - turbid with the flow of rut, muddied by rut

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of madaprasravaṇāvila

madaprasravaṇāvila - turbid/agitated by the discharge of rut

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mada+prasravaṇa+āvila)

• mada – rut, intoxication, passion, pride
  noun (masculine)
• prasravaṇa – flowing, oozing, discharge, stream
  noun (neuter)
  verbal noun
  Prefix: pra
  Root: sru (class 1)
• āvila – turbid, muddy, agitated, impure
  adjective

Note: Agrees with `girinadīm`.

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