महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-62, verse-10

घोरान्नादान्विमुञ्चन्तो निपेतुर्धरणीतले ।
वृक्षेष्वासज्य संभग्नाः पतिता विषमेषु च ।
तथा तन्निहतं सर्वं समृद्धं सार्थमण्डलम् ॥१०॥

10. ghorānnādānvimuñcanto nipeturdharaṇītale ,
vṛkṣeṣvāsajya saṁbhagnāḥ patitā viṣameṣu ca ,
tathā tannihataṁ sarvaṁ samṛddhaṁ sārthamaṇḍalam.

10. ghorān nādān vimuñcantaḥ nipetuḥ
dharaṇī-tale vṛkṣeṣu āsajya saṃbhagnāḥ
patitāḥ viṣameṣu ca tathā tat
nihitam sarvam samṛddham sārtha-maṇḍalam

10. Emitting terrible cries, they fell to the ground. Some were broken, having become entangled in trees, while others fell into uneven places. Thus, that entire prosperous caravan was destroyed.

Words meanings summery:

• घोरान् (ghorān) - terrible, dreadful

• नादान् (nādān) - cries, sounds, roars

• विमुञ्चन्तः (vimuñcantaḥ) - uttering (cries) (emitting, uttering)

• निपेतुः (nipetuḥ) - they fell down

• धरणी-तले (dharaṇī-tale) - on the ground, on the earth's surface

• वृक्षेषु (vṛkṣeṣu) - on trees

• आसज्य (āsajya) - clinging, having become entangled

• संभग्नाः (saṁbhagnāḥ) - broken, shattered, crushed

• पतिता (patitā) - fallen

• विषमेषु (viṣameṣu) - in uneven places, in difficult places

• च (ca) - and, also

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

• तत् (tat) - that, that (caravan)

• निहितम् (nihitam) - destroyed, killed (destroyed, killed, placed)

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, whole, entire

• समृद्धम् (samṛddham) - prosperous, flourishing, rich

• सार्थ-मण्डलम् (sārtha-maṇḍalam) - caravan group, multitude of travelers

Words meanings and morphology

घोरान् (ghorān) - terrible, dreadful

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ghora

ghora - terrible, dreadful, awful, fearful

Note: Qualifies 'nādān'.

नादान् (nādān) - cries, sounds, roars

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of nāda

nāda - sound, cry, roar, noise

Derived from root 'nad' (to sound).

Root: nad (class 1)

Note: Object of 'vimuñcantaḥ'.

विमुञ्चन्तः (vimuñcantaḥ) - uttering (cries) (emitting, uttering)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vimuñcat

vimuñcat - emitting, releasing, letting go, uttering

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'muc' with prefix 'vi-'. Formed with śatṛ affix.

Prefix: vi

Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject (the people from the caravan).

निपेतुः (nipetuḥ) - they fell down

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of nipat

Past Tense (Perfect)

Root 'pat' (to fall) with 'ni-' prefix. The form is from the perfect tense (liṭ).

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the first clause.

धरणी-तले (dharaṇī-tale) - on the ground, on the earth's surface

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of dharaṇī-tala

dharaṇī-tala - the surface of the earth, ground

Compound of 'dharaṇī' (earth) and 'tala' (surface, plane).

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharaṇī+tala)

• dharaṇī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• tala – surface, plane, ground, base
  noun (neuter)

Note: Denotes place where they fell.

वृक्षेषु (vṛkṣeṣu) - on trees

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of vṛkṣa

vṛkṣa - tree, plant

Note: Denotes location where some became entangled.

आसज्य (āsajya) - clinging, having become entangled

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root 'sañj' (to cling, attach) with prefix 'ā-' and suffix '-ya'.

Prefix: ā

Root: sañj (class 1)

Note: Connects to 'saṃbhagnāḥ' and 'patitāḥ'.

संभग्नाः (saṁbhagnāḥ) - broken, shattered, crushed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saṃbhagna

saṁbhagna - broken, shattered, crushed, defeated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'bhañj' (to break) with prefix 'sam-'.

Prefix: sam

Root: bhañj (class 7)

Note: Predicative adjective for the implied subjects.

पतिता (patitā) - fallen

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of patita

patita - fallen, dropped, descended

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'pat' (to fall).

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: The form 'patitā' without visarga is used in the Devanagari input, likely representing 'patitāḥ' (nominative plural masculine) with visarga dropped for metrical or scribal reasons, agreeing with 'saṃbhagnāḥ'.

विषमेषु (viṣameṣu) - in uneven places, in difficult places

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of viṣama

viṣama - uneven, difficult, dangerous, unequal

Compound of 'vi' (negation) and 'sama' (even, equal).

Compound type : pradi tatpurusha (vi+sama)

• vi – apart, away, without, negation
  indeclinable
• sama – even, equal, level, smooth
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Denotes the location.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

(indeclinable)

Derived from pronominal stem 'tad'.

तत् (tat) - that, that (caravan)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to 'sārthamaṇḍalam'.

निहितम् (nihitam) - destroyed, killed (destroyed, killed, placed)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nihita

nihita - placed, laid down, deposited, destroyed, killed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'han' (to strike, kill) with prefix 'ni-'.

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Predicative adjective for 'sārthamaṇḍalam'.

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, whole, entire

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, whole, every, entire

Universal pronoun.

Note: Qualifies 'sārthamaṇḍalam'.

समृद्धम् (samṛddham) - prosperous, flourishing, rich

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of samṛddha

samṛddha - prosperous, flourishing, rich, accomplished, perfected

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'ṛdh' (to prosper, grow) with prefix 'sam-'.

Prefix: sam

Root: ṛdh (class 5)

Note: Qualifies 'sārthamaṇḍalam'.

सार्थ-मण्डलम् (sārtha-maṇḍalam) - caravan group, multitude of travelers

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sārtha-maṇḍala

sārtha-maṇḍala - a group of travelers or merchants, a caravan, a multitude

Compound of 'sārtha' (caravan, group of merchants) and 'maṇḍala' (circle, group, district).

Compound type : tatpurusha (sārtha+maṇḍala)

• sārtha – caravan, company of merchants/travelers, group
  noun (masculine)
• maṇḍala – circle, disc, orb, territory, assembly, group
  noun (neuter)

Note: Subject of the second part of the verse.