महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-62, verse-18

गच्छन्ती सा चिरात्कालात्पुरमासादयन्महत् ।
सायाह्ने चेदिराजस्य सुबाहोः सत्यवादिनः ।
वस्त्रार्धकर्तसंवीता प्रविवेश पुरोत्तमम् ॥१८॥

18. gacchantī sā cirātkālātpuramāsādayanmahat ,
sāyāhne cedirājasya subāhoḥ satyavādinaḥ ,
vastrārdhakartasaṁvītā praviveśa purottamam.

18. gacchantī sā cirāt kālāt puraṃ
āsādayat mahat sāyāhne cedirājasya
subāhoḥ satyavādinaḥ
vastrārthakartasaṃvītā praviveśa purottamam

18. As she traveled for a long time, she reached a great city. In the evening, clad in half a torn garment, she entered that excellent city belonging to Subāhu, the truthful king of Cedi.

18. היא הלכה זמן רב, ולבסוף הגיעה לעיר גדולה. בשעת ערב נכנסה אל העיר המשובחת של סוּבָּאהוּ, מלך צ׳ֵדִי הדובר אמת, כשהיא עטופה בחצי בגד קרוע.

Words meanings summery:

• गच्छन्ती (gacchantī) - Damayantī, as she was going. (going, walking, journeying)

• सा (sā) - Damayantī (she)

• चिरात् (cirāt) - for a long time, after a long time

• कालात् (kālāt) - after a period of time. (from time, after time)

• पुरं (puraṁ) - city, town

• आसादयत् (āsādayat) - reached, attained, approached

• महत् (mahat) - great, large, extensive

• सायाह्ने (sāyāhne) - in the evening, at dusk

• चेदिराजस्य (cedirājasya) - of the king of Cedi

• सुबाहोः (subāhoḥ) - King of Cedi. (of Subāhu (proper name))

• सत्यवादिनः (satyavādinaḥ) - Describing King Subāhu. (of the truth-speaker, of the truthful one)

• वस्त्रार्थकर्तसंवीता (vastrārthakartasaṁvītā) - Describes Damayantī. (covered with half a torn garment)

• प्रविवेश (praviveśa) - entered, went into

• पुरोत्तमम् (purottamam) - the best city, excellent city

Words meanings and morphology

गच्छन्ती (gacchantī) - Damayantī, as she was going. (going, walking, journeying)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of gacchant

gacchant - going, moving, proceeding

Present Active Participle

from root gam (to go), 1st class, feminine nominative singular

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'sā'.

सा (sā) - Damayantī (she)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she

चिरात् (cirāt) - for a long time, after a long time

(adjective)

Ablative, neuter, singular of cira

cira - long (of time), lasting

Note: Used adverbially with 'kālāt'.

कालात् (kālāt) - after a period of time. (from time, after time)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, duration

Note: cirāt kālāt means 'after a long time'.

पुरं (puraṁ) - city, town

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pura

pura - city, town, fortress

Note: Object of 'āsādayat'.

आसादयत् (āsādayat) - reached, attained, approached

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of āsādayat

Imperfect Indicative (Causative)

from root sad (to sit) with upasarga ā- (and causative suffix -āy), 3rd person singular Parasmaipada

Prefix: ā

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: The subject is 'sā'.

महत् (mahat) - great, large, extensive

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, extensive, important

Note: Agrees with 'puraṃ'.

सायाह्ने (sāyāhne) - in the evening, at dusk

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of sāyāhna

sāyāhna - evening, eventide, dusk

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sāya+ahana)

• sāya – evening, dusk
  noun (masculine)
• ahana – day
  noun (neuter)

Note: Indicates time.

चेदिराजस्य (cedirājasya) - of the king of Cedi

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of cedirāja

cedirāja - king of the Cedis

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (cedi+rājan)

• cedi – name of a country or people
  proper noun (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'subāhoḥ'.

सुबाहोः (subāhoḥ) - King of Cedi. (of Subāhu (proper name))

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of subāhu

subāhu - Subāhu (proper name, lit. 'one with beautiful arms')

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+bāhu)

• su – good, excellent
  indeclinable
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

सत्यवादिनः (satyavādinaḥ) - Describing King Subāhu. (of the truth-speaker, of the truthful one)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of satyavādin

satyavādin - truth-speaking, truthful

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (satya+vādin)

• satya – truth, reality
  noun (neuter)
• vādin – speaking, telling, proclaiming
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun from root vad (to speak)
  Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'subāhoḥ'.

वस्त्रार्थकर्तसंवीता (vastrārthakartasaṁvītā) - Describes Damayantī. (covered with half a torn garment)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vastrārthakartasaṃvīta

vastrārthakartasaṁvīta - covered with a half-torn cloth

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vastra+ardha+karta+saṃvīta)

• vastra – garment, cloth
  noun (neuter)
• ardha – half, part
  noun (neuter)
• karta – cut, torn, mutilated
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root kṛt (to cut)
  Root: kṛt (class 6)
• saṃvīta – covered, clothed, enveloped
  adjective (feminine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root vī (to cover) with upasarga sam-
  Prefix: sam
  Root: vī (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'sā'.

प्रविवेश (praviveśa) - entered, went into

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of praveś

Perfect Indicative

from root viś (to enter) with upasarga pra-, 3rd person singular Parasmaipada

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

पुरोत्तमम् (purottamam) - the best city, excellent city

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of purottama

purottama - best city, excellent city

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pura+uttama)

• pura – city, town
  noun (neuter)
• uttama – best, highest, supreme
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Object of 'praviveśa'.

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