महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-62, verse-18

गच्छन्ती सा चिरात्कालात्पुरमासादयन्महत् ।
सायाह्ने चेदिराजस्य सुबाहोः सत्यवादिनः ।
वस्त्रार्धकर्तसंवीता प्रविवेश पुरोत्तमम् ॥१८॥

18. gacchantī sā cirātkālātpuramāsādayanmahat ,
sāyāhne cedirājasya subāhoḥ satyavādinaḥ ,
vastrārdhakartasaṁvītā praviveśa purottamam.

18. gacchantī sā cirāt kālāt puraṃ
āsādayat mahat sāyāhne cedirājasya
subāhoḥ satyavādinaḥ
vastrārthakartasaṃvītā praviveśa purottamam

18. As she traveled for a long time, she reached a great city. In the evening, clad in half a torn garment, she entered that excellent city belonging to Subāhu, the truthful king of Cedi.

Words meanings summery:

• गच्छन्ती (gacchantī) - Damayantī, as she was going. (going, walking, journeying)

• सा (sā) - Damayantī (she)

• चिरात् (cirāt) - for a long time, after a long time

• कालात् (kālāt) - after a period of time. (from time, after time)

• पुरं (puraṁ) - city, town

• आसादयत् (āsādayat) - reached, attained, approached

• महत् (mahat) - great, large, extensive

• सायाह्ने (sāyāhne) - in the evening, at dusk

• चेदिराजस्य (cedirājasya) - of the king of Cedi

• सुबाहोः (subāhoḥ) - King of Cedi. (of Subāhu (proper name))

• सत्यवादिनः (satyavādinaḥ) - Describing King Subāhu. (of the truth-speaker, of the truthful one)

• वस्त्रार्थकर्तसंवीता (vastrārthakartasaṁvītā) - Describes Damayantī. (covered with half a torn garment)

• प्रविवेश (praviveśa) - entered, went into

• पुरोत्तमम् (purottamam) - the best city, excellent city

Words meanings and morphology

गच्छन्ती (gacchantī) - Damayantī, as she was going. (going, walking, journeying)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of gacchant

gacchant - going, moving, proceeding

Present Active Participle

from root gam (to go), 1st class, feminine nominative singular

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'sā'.

सा (sā) - Damayantī (she)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she

चिरात् (cirāt) - for a long time, after a long time

(adjective)

Ablative, neuter, singular of cira

cira - long (of time), lasting

Note: Used adverbially with 'kālāt'.

कालात् (kālāt) - after a period of time. (from time, after time)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, duration

Note: cirāt kālāt means 'after a long time'.

पुरं (puraṁ) - city, town

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pura

pura - city, town, fortress

Note: Object of 'āsādayat'.

आसादयत् (āsādayat) - reached, attained, approached

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of āsādayat

Imperfect Indicative (Causative)

from root sad (to sit) with upasarga ā- (and causative suffix -āy), 3rd person singular Parasmaipada

Prefix: ā

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: The subject is 'sā'.

महत् (mahat) - great, large, extensive

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, extensive, important

Note: Agrees with 'puraṃ'.

सायाह्ने (sāyāhne) - in the evening, at dusk

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of sāyāhna

sāyāhna - evening, eventide, dusk

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sāya+ahana)

• sāya – evening, dusk
  noun (masculine)
• ahana – day
  noun (neuter)

Note: Indicates time.

चेदिराजस्य (cedirājasya) - of the king of Cedi

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of cedirāja

cedirāja - king of the Cedis

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (cedi+rājan)

• cedi – name of a country or people
  proper noun (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'subāhoḥ'.

सुबाहोः (subāhoḥ) - King of Cedi. (of Subāhu (proper name))

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of subāhu

subāhu - Subāhu (proper name, lit. 'one with beautiful arms')

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+bāhu)

• su – good, excellent
  indeclinable
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

सत्यवादिनः (satyavādinaḥ) - Describing King Subāhu. (of the truth-speaker, of the truthful one)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of satyavādin

satyavādin - truth-speaking, truthful

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (satya+vādin)

• satya – truth, reality
  noun (neuter)
• vādin – speaking, telling, proclaiming
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun from root vad (to speak)
  Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'subāhoḥ'.

वस्त्रार्थकर्तसंवीता (vastrārthakartasaṁvītā) - Describes Damayantī. (covered with half a torn garment)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vastrārthakartasaṃvīta

vastrārthakartasaṁvīta - covered with a half-torn cloth

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vastra+ardha+karta+saṃvīta)

• vastra – garment, cloth
  noun (neuter)
• ardha – half, part
  noun (neuter)
• karta – cut, torn, mutilated
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root kṛt (to cut)
  Root: kṛt (class 6)
• saṃvīta – covered, clothed, enveloped
  adjective (feminine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root vī (to cover) with upasarga sam-
  Prefix: sam
  Root: vī (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'sā'.

प्रविवेश (praviveśa) - entered, went into

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of praveś

Perfect Indicative

from root viś (to enter) with upasarga pra-, 3rd person singular Parasmaipada

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

पुरोत्तमम् (purottamam) - the best city, excellent city

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of purottama

purottama - best city, excellent city

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pura+uttama)

• pura – city, town
  noun (neuter)
• uttama – best, highest, supreme
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Object of 'praviveśa'.