महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-62, verse-23

एवमप्यसुखाविष्टा बिभर्षि परमं वपुः ।
भासि विद्युदिवाभ्रेषु शंस मे कासि कस्य वा ॥२३॥

23. evamapyasukhāviṣṭā bibharṣi paramaṁ vapuḥ ,
bhāsi vidyudivābhreṣu śaṁsa me kāsi kasya vā.

23. evam api asukhāviṣṭā bibharṣi paramam vapuḥ
bhāsi vidyut iva abhresu śaṃsa me kā asi kasya vā

23. Even though you are thus overcome by sorrow, you possess a most beautiful form. You shine like lightning among the clouds. Tell me, who are you and whose are you?

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - despite this situation or condition (thus, in this manner)

• अपि (api) - 'even though', emphasizing the contrast between condition and appearance (even, also, though)

• असुखाविष्टा (asukhāviṣṭā) - Damayantī is in distress, though her beauty remains striking (afflicted by unhappiness, overcome by sorrow)

• बिभर्षि (bibharṣi) - you bear, you maintain, you possess

• परमम् (paramam) - referring to a very beautiful form (supreme, excellent, highest)

• वपुः (vapuḥ) - a beautiful physical form (body, form, figure)

• भासि (bhāsi) - you shine, you appear

• विद्युत् (vidyut) - lightning

• इव (iva) - expresses comparison (like, as, as if)

• अभ्रेषु (abhreṣu) - in the clouds

• शंस (śaṁsa) - a command to Damayantī (tell, declare, report)

• मे (me) - to me, for me

• का (kā) - who? what? (feminine)

• असि (asi) - you are

• कस्य (kasya) - whose? of whom?

• वा (vā) - connects two interrogative clauses (or)

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - despite this situation or condition (thus, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - 'even though', emphasizing the contrast between condition and appearance (even, also, though)

(indeclinable)

असुखाविष्टा (asukhāviṣṭā) - Damayantī is in distress, though her beauty remains striking (afflicted by unhappiness, overcome by sorrow)

(participle)

Nominative, feminine, singular of asukhāviṣṭa

asukhāviṣṭa - overcome by sorrow, afflicted by unhappiness

Past Passive Participle in a compound

Compound with 'āviṣṭa' (past passive participle of 'ā-viś' - to enter/seize).

Compound type : tatpurusha (asukha+āviṣṭa)

• asukha – unhappiness, sorrow, discomfort
  noun (neuter)
• āviṣṭa – entered, seized, possessed, overcome
  participle
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'viś' (to enter) with prefix 'ā' and 'kta' suffix.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject "you" (Damayantī).

बिभर्षि (bibharṣi) - you bear, you maintain, you possess

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhṛ

Present tense, 2nd person singular

From root 'bhṛ', reduplicated form.

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

Note: Verb for "you" (Damayantī).

परमम् (paramam) - referring to a very beautiful form (supreme, excellent, highest)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of parama

parama - most distant, highest, supreme, excellent, chief

Superlative form.

Note: Qualifies 'vapuḥ'.

वपुः (vapuḥ) - a beautiful physical form (body, form, figure)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vapus

vapus - body, form, figure, astonishing appearance

From root 'vap' (to weave, sow).

Root: vap (class 1)

Note: Object of 'bibharṣi'.

भासि (bhāsi) - you shine, you appear

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhā

Present tense, 2nd person singular

From root 'bhā'.

Root: bhā (class 2)

Note: Verb for "you" (Damayantī).

विद्युत् (vidyut) - lightning

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vidyut

vidyut - lightning, flash

From root 'dyut' (to shine) with prefix 'vi'.

Prefix: vi

Root: dyut (class 1)

इव (iva) - expresses comparison (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

अभ्रेषु (abhreṣu) - in the clouds

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of abhra

abhra - cloud, sky, atmosphere

शंस (śaṁsa) - a command to Damayantī (tell, declare, report)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śaṃs

Imperative mood, 2nd person singular

From root 'śaṃs'.

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

मे (me) - to me, for me

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of mad

mad - I, me (pronoun)

Alternate form for dative/genitive singular of 'aham'.

का (kā) - who? what? (feminine)

(interrogative pronoun)

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present tense, 2nd person singular

From root 'as'.

Root: as (class 2)

कस्य (kasya) - whose? of whom?

(interrogative pronoun)

वा (vā) - connects two interrogative clauses (or)

(indeclinable)