महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-62, verse-11

अथापरेद्युः संप्राप्ते हतशिष्टा जनास्तदा ।
वनगुल्माद्विनिष्क्रम्य शोचन्तो वैशसं कृतम् ।
भ्रातरं पितरं पुत्रं सखायं च जनाधिप ॥११॥

11. athāparedyuḥ saṁprāpte hataśiṣṭā janāstadā ,
vanagulmādviniṣkramya śocanto vaiśasaṁ kṛtam ,
bhrātaraṁ pitaraṁ putraṁ sakhāyaṁ ca janādhipa.

11. atha aparedyuḥ saṃprāpte hata-śiṣṭāḥ
janāḥ tadā vana-gulmāt viniṣkramya
śocantaḥ vaiśasam kṛtam bhrātaram
pitaram putram sakhāyam ca janādhipa

11. Then, when the next day arrived, the people who survived the slaughter emerged from the forest thickets. O ruler of men, they were lamenting the disaster that had occurred, searching for their brother, father, son, and friend.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then (indicating sequence) (then, now, moreover)

• अपरेद्युः (aparedyuḥ) - on the next day, on the following day

• संप्राप्ते (saṁprāpte) - when (the next day) had arrived (when it had arrived, on its arrival)

• हत-शिष्टाः (hata-śiṣṭāḥ) - those remaining after being killed, survivors of the slaughter

• जनाः (janāḥ) - people, men

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• वन-गुल्मात् (vana-gulmāt) - from the forest thicket

• विनिष्क्रम्य (viniṣkramya) - having emerged, having come out

• शोचन्तः (śocantaḥ) - lamenting, grieving, mourning

• वैशसम् (vaiśasam) - slaughter, massacre, disaster

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - that had happened (the disaster) (done, performed, happened)

• भ्रातरम् (bhrātaram) - brother

• पितरम् (pitaram) - father

• पुत्रम् (putram) - son

• सखायम् (sakhāyam) - friend, companion

• च (ca) - and, also

• जनाधिप (janādhipa) - O ruler of men, O king

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then (indicating sequence) (then, now, moreover)

(indeclinable)

अपरेद्युः (aparedyuḥ) - on the next day, on the following day

(indeclinable)

Compound of 'apara' (other, next) and 'dyuḥ' (day).

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction.

संप्राप्ते (saṁprāpte) - when (the next day) had arrived (when it had arrived, on its arrival)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃprāpta

saṁprāpta - arrived, obtained, reached, happened

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'āp' (to obtain, reach) with prefixes 'sam-' and 'pra-'.

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction.

हत-शिष्टाः (hata-śiṣṭāḥ) - those remaining after being killed, survivors of the slaughter

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hata-śiṣṭa

hata-śiṣṭa - remaining after being killed, survivors of a massacre

Compound of 'hata' (killed) and 'śiṣṭa' (remaining).

Compound type : tatpurusha (hata+śiṣṭa)

• hata – killed, struck, harmed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'han'.
  Root: han (class 2)
• śiṣṭa – remaining, left over, residue
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'śiṣ' (to leave).
  Root: śiṣ (class 7)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

जनाः (janāḥ) - people, men

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jana

jana - people, person, individual

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: In apposition to 'hata-śiṣṭāḥ'.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Derived from pronominal stem 'tad'.

वन-गुल्मात् (vana-gulmāt) - from the forest thicket

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of vana-gulma

vana-gulma - forest thicket, a bush or shrub in the forest

Compound of 'vana' (forest) and 'gulma' (bush, thicket).

Compound type : tatpurusha (vana+gulma)

• vana – forest, wood, grove
  noun (neuter)
• gulma – bush, shrub, thicket, clump
  noun (masculine)

Note: Denotes the place from which they emerged.

विनिष्क्रम्य (viniṣkramya) - having emerged, having come out

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root 'kram' (to step, go) with prefixes 'vi-' and 'niṣ-'.

Prefixes: vi+niṣ

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Connects to 'śocantaḥ'.

शोचन्तः (śocantaḥ) - lamenting, grieving, mourning

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śocat

śocat - lamenting, grieving, burning (with sorrow)

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'śuc' (to grieve, lament). Formed with śatṛ affix.

Root: śuc (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'janāḥ'.

वैशसम् (vaiśasam) - slaughter, massacre, disaster

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vaiśasa

vaiśasa - slaughter, massacre, cruelty, disaster, misfortune

Derived from 'viśasa' (cutting up, slaughter).

Note: Object of 'śocantaḥ'.

कृतम् (kṛtam) - that had happened (the disaster) (done, performed, happened)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed, created, finished

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'kṛ' (to do, make).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Qualifies 'vaiśasam'.

भ्रातरम् (bhrātaram) - brother

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhrātar

bhrātar - brother

R-stem noun.

Note: Object of 'śocantaḥ' (implied 'for').

पितरम् (pitaram) - father

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pitar

pitar - father

R-stem noun.

Note: Object of 'śocantaḥ' (implied 'for').

पुत्रम् (putram) - son

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Object of 'śocantaḥ' (implied 'for').

सखायम् (sakhāyam) - friend, companion

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sakhāy

sakhāy - friend, companion, associate

Derived from root 'sac' (to accompany).

Root: sac (class 1)

Note: Object of 'śocantaḥ' (implied 'for').

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

जनाधिप (janādhipa) - O ruler of men, O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of janādhipa

janādhipa - lord of men, ruler, king, chief

Compound of 'jana' (men, people) and 'adhipa' (lord, ruler).

Compound type : tatpurusha (jana+adhipa)

• jana – people, person
  noun (masculine)
  Root: jan (class 4)
• adhipa – ruler, lord, master, chief
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: adhi
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Direct address to a king or lord.