महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-49, verse-7

योऽसौ गच्छति तेजस्वी बहून्क्लेशानचिन्तयन् ।
भवन्नियोगाद्बीभत्सुस्ततो दुःखतरं नु किम् ॥७॥

7. yo'sau gacchati tejasvī bahūnkleśānacintayan ,
bhavanniyogādbībhatsustato duḥkhataraṁ nu kim.

7. yaḥ asau gacchati tejasvī bahūn kleśān acintayan
bhavat niyogāt bībhatsuḥ tataḥ duḥkhataram nu kim

7. What could be more sorrowful than this, that the glorious (Arjuna), called Bibhatsu, goes by your command, not considering many troubles?

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• असौ (asau) - this, that

• गच्छति (gacchati) - goes, proceeds

• तेजस्वी (tejasvī) - the glorious one (Arjuna) (glorious, radiant, powerful, splendid)

• बहून् (bahūn) - many, numerous

• क्लेशान् (kleśān) - troubles, afflictions, sufferings

• अचिन्तयन् (acintayan) - not thinking, not considering, unmindful

• भवत् (bhavat) - your (honorific)

• नियोगात् (niyogāt) - by command, by appointment, by order

• बीभत्सुः (bībhatsuḥ) - Arjuna, who is disgusted by foul play in battle (Bibhatsu (Arjuna))

• ततः (tataḥ) - thence, from that, than that

• दुःखतरम् (duḥkhataram) - more sorrowful, more painful

• नु (nu) - indeed, now, then (interrogative particle)

• किम् (kim) - what?

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

असौ (asau) - this, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adas

adas - this, that (remote demonstrative)

गच्छति (gacchati) - goes, proceeds

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of gam

Root: gam (class 1)

तेजस्वी (tejasvī) - the glorious one (Arjuna) (glorious, radiant, powerful, splendid)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tejasvin

tejasvin - possessing splendor or power, glorious, spirited, sharp

Derived from 'tejas' (splendor, power) with suffix '-vin'

Note: Epithet for Arjuna.

बहून् (bahūn) - many, numerous

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much, numerous, abundant

क्लेशान् (kleśān) - troubles, afflictions, sufferings

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kleśa

kleśa - pain, distress, trouble, affliction, suffering

अचिन्तयन् (acintayan) - not thinking, not considering, unmindful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of acintayat

cintayat - thinking, reflecting, considering

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root √cit (to perceive, to understand) in the 10th class (cintayati), with participle suffix -śatṛ. 'a-' is a negative prefix.

Root: cit (class 10)

Note: Participle modifying the implied subject (Arjuna).

भवत् (bhavat) - your (honorific)

(adjective)

singular of bhavat

bhavat - your honor, you (honorific), yours

Note: Used as a possessive adjective or genitive equivalent in compounds.

नियोगात् (niyogāt) - by command, by appointment, by order

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of niyoga

niyoga - command, order, appointment, injunction

Prefix: ni

Root: yuj (class 7)

बीभत्सुः (bībhatsuḥ) - Arjuna, who is disgusted by foul play in battle (Bibhatsu (Arjuna))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bībhatsu

bībhatsu - disgusted, abhorrent; an epithet of Arjuna (one who abhors terrible deeds in battle and always fights fairly)

Desiderative derivative

Derived from the root √bhī (to fear) or √bhats (to despise) in desiderative form

Root: bhī (class 3)

ततः (tataḥ) - thence, from that, than that

(indeclinable)

दुःखतरम् (duḥkhataram) - more sorrowful, more painful

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥkhatara

duḥkhatara - more unhappy, more sorrowful, more difficult

Comparative form of 'duḥkha' (sorrow, pain)

नु (nu) - indeed, now, then (interrogative particle)

(indeclinable)

किम् (kim) - what?

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - who?, what?, which?