महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-49, verse-37

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
अथैनमब्रवीद्राजा ब्रवीतु भगवानिति ।
इमामवस्थां संप्राप्तं श्रोतुमिच्छामि पार्थिवम् ॥३७॥

37. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
athainamabravīdrājā bravītu bhagavāniti ,
imāmavasthāṁ saṁprāptaṁ śrotumicchāmi pārthivam.

37. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca atha enam abravīt rājā bravītu bhagavān
iti imām avasthām samprāptam śrotum icchāmi pārthivam

37. Vaiśaṃpāyana said: Then the king spoke to him, saying, "Let the venerable one (bhagavān) speak. I wish to hear about that king (pārthiva) who has attained such a condition."

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśaṃpāyana (name of a sage)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• अथ (atha) - then, next, now

• एनम् (enam) - him, this one

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

• राजा (rājā) - King Yudhishthira (king, ruler)

• ब्रवीतु (bravītu) - let him speak, may he speak

• भगवान् (bhagavān) - the venerable sage Bṛhadaśva (venerable one, divine one, Lord)

• इति (iti) - thus, so, a particle used to indicate quoted speech or thought

• इमाम् (imām) - this

• अवस्थाम् (avasthām) - condition, state, situation

• सम्प्राप्तम् (samprāptam) - having attained, reached

• श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear, for hearing

• इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish, I desire

• पार्थिवम् (pārthivam) - the king who is the subject of Bṛhadaśva's story (the king, earthly ruler)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśaṃpāyana (name of a sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśaṃpāyana (proper noun, name of a sage, disciple of Vyāsa)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Tense

3rd person singular, parasmaipada. Irregular perfect form from 'vac'.

Root: vac (class 2)

अथ (atha) - then, next, now

(indeclinable)

एनम् (enam) - him, this one

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, that, him, her, it

Pronominal stem, used anaphorically.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect Tense

3rd person singular, parasmaipada. Augment 'a-' and secondary ending.

Root: brū (class 2)

राजा (rājā) - King Yudhishthira (king, ruler)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

ब्रवीतु (bravītu) - let him speak, may he speak

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of brū

Imperative Mood

3rd person singular, parasmaipada.

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Expresses command or request.

भगवान् (bhagavān) - the venerable sage Bṛhadaśva (venerable one, divine one, Lord)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - blessed, fortunate, divine, venerable, Lord, worshipful one

Possessive suffix '-vat' from 'bhaga' (fortune). Used as an honorific title.

इति (iti) - thus, so, a particle used to indicate quoted speech or thought

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks the end of a thought or statement.

इमाम् (imām) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

अवस्थाम् (avasthām) - condition, state, situation

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of avasthā

avasthā - state, condition, situation, position

From 'ava-sthā' (to stand, be placed).

Prefix: ava

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Object of 'saṃprāptam'.

सम्प्राप्तम् (samprāptam) - having attained, reached

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of samprāpta

samprāpta - attained, reached, obtained

Past Passive Participle

From root 'āp' with prefixes 'sam-pra' and suffix '-ta'.

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Functions as an adjective describing 'pārthivam'.

श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear, for hearing

(verb)

active, infinitive (tumun) of śru

Infinitive

From root 'śru' with suffix '-tum'.

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Expresses purpose.

इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish, I desire

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of iṣ

Present Tense

1st person singular, parasmaipada. From root 'iṣ' (class 6).

Root: iṣ (class 6)

पार्थिवम् (pārthivam) - the king who is the subject of Bṛhadaśva's story (the king, earthly ruler)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - earthly, regal, king, sovereign

From 'pṛthivī' (earth) with suffix '-a'.

Note: Object of 'śrotum icchāmi'.