महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-49, verse-41

न तस्याश्वो न च रथो न भ्राता न च बान्धवाः ।
वने निवसतो राजञ्शिष्यन्ते स्म कदाचन ॥४१॥

41. na tasyāśvo na ca ratho na bhrātā na ca bāndhavāḥ ,
vane nivasato rājañśiṣyante sma kadācana.

41. na tasya aśvaḥ na ca rathaḥ na bhrātā na ca
bāndhavāḥ vane nivasataḥ rājan śiṣyante sma kadācana

41. While he resided in the forest, O King, neither a horse, nor a chariot, nor a brother, nor any relatives ever remained for him.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no, nor

• तस्य (tasya) - for him (referring to Nala, with śiṣyante implying 'remaining for him') (his, to him)

• अश्वः (aśvaḥ) - horse

• न (na) - not, nor

• च (ca) - used as "nor" in conjunction with na (and, also)

• रथः (rathaḥ) - chariot

• न (na) - not, nor

• भ्राता (bhrātā) - brother

• न (na) - not, nor

• च (ca) - used as "nor" in conjunction with na (and, also)

• बान्धवाः (bāndhavāḥ) - relatives, kinsmen

• वने (vane) - in the forest

• निवसतः (nivasataḥ) - While Nala was residing (in the forest). It agrees with 'tasya'. (residing, dwelling)

• राजन् (rājan) - O Yudhiṣṭhira (O king)

• शिष्यन्ते (śiṣyante) - they remained, were left

• स्म (sma) - (particle indicating past tense)

• कदाचन (kadācana) - at any time, ever

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

तस्य (tasya) - for him (referring to Nala, with śiṣyante implying 'remaining for him') (his, to him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

अश्वः (aśvaḥ) - horse

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aśva

aśva - horse

न (na) - not, nor

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - used as "nor" in conjunction with na (and, also)

(indeclinable)

रथः (rathaḥ) - chariot

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot

न (na) - not, nor

(indeclinable)

भ्राता (bhrātā) - brother

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

न (na) - not, nor

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - used as "nor" in conjunction with na (and, also)

(indeclinable)

बान्धवाः (bāndhavāḥ) - relatives, kinsmen

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bāndhava

bāndhava - relative, kinsman, friend

वने (vane) - in the forest

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood

निवसतः (nivasataḥ) - While Nala was residing (in the forest). It agrees with 'tasya'. (residing, dwelling)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of nivasat

nivasat - dwelling, residing

present active participle

from ni-√vas, present active participle, genitive singular masculine

Prefix: ni

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'tasya' (genitive singular).

राजन् (rājan) - O Yudhiṣṭhira (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king

शिष्यन्ते (śiṣyante) - they remained, were left

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle/passive, present (laṭ) of śiṣ

present tense

root √śiṣ, present 3rd plural middle (ātmanepada) or passive

Root: śiṣ (class 7)

Note: Combined with 'sma' to indicate past tense.

स्म (sma) - (particle indicating past tense)

(indeclinable)

कदाचन (kadācana) - at any time, ever

(indeclinable)