महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-49, verse-38

बृहदश्व उवाच ।
शृणु राजन्नवहितः सह भ्रातृभिरच्युत ।
यस्त्वत्तो दुःखिततरो राजासीत्पृथिवीपते ॥३८॥

38. bṛhadaśva uvāca ,
śṛṇu rājannavahitaḥ saha bhrātṛbhiracyuta ,
yastvatto duḥkhitataro rājāsītpṛthivīpate.

38. bṛhadaśva uvāca śṛṇu rājan avahitaḥ saha bhrātṛbhiḥ
acyuta yaḥ tvattaḥ duḥkhitataraḥ rājā āsīt pṛthivīpate

38. Bṛhadaśva said: "O King, O Acyuta, listen attentively with your brothers. There was a king, O lord of the earth, who was even more distressed than you."

38. בְּרְהַדַשְׁוַה אמר, הו מלך, הו אַצ׳ְיוּטַה, הקשב בתשומת לב יחד עם אחיך, על המלך שסבל יותר ממך, הו אדון הארץ.

Words meanings summery:

• बृहदश्व (bṛhadaśva) - Bṛhadaśva (name of a sage)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen, hear

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• अवहितः (avahitaḥ) - attentive, concentrated

• सह (saha) - with, together with

• भ्रातृभिः (bhrātṛbhiḥ) - by the brothers, with the brothers

• अच्युत (acyuta) - Referring to Yudhiṣṭhira, implying his steadfastness or being 'unfallen'. (O Acyuta (unfallen, steady))

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• त्वत्तः (tvattaḥ) - from you, than you

• दुःखिततरः (duḥkhitataraḥ) - more distressed, more sorrowful

• राजा (rājā) - king

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

• पृथिवीपते (pṛthivīpate) - O lord of the earth

Words meanings and morphology

बृहदश्व (bṛhadaśva) - Bṛhadaśva (name of a sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bṛhadaśva

bṛhadaśva - name of a sage

Compound type : bahuvrihi (bṛhat+aśva)

• bṛhat – great, large
  adjective
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (liṭ) of vac

perfect tense

root √vac, perfect 3rd singular active

Root: vac (class 2)

शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen, hear

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śru

imperative mood

root √śru, imperative 2nd singular active

Root: śru (class 5)

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king

अवहितः (avahitaḥ) - attentive, concentrated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avahita

avahita - attentive, careful, concentrated

past passive participle

from ava-√dhā

Prefix: ava

Root: dhā (class 3)

सह (saha) - with, together with

(indeclinable)

भ्रातृभिः (bhrātṛbhiḥ) - by the brothers, with the brothers

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

अच्युत (acyuta) - Referring to Yudhiṣṭhira, implying his steadfastness or being 'unfallen'. (O Acyuta (unfallen, steady))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of acyuta

acyuta - unfallen, firm, imperishable; an epithet of Viṣṇu or Kṛṣṇa

past passive participle (from a-√cyu)

not fallen, imperishable

Prefix: a

Root: cyu (class 1)

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which

त्वत्तः (tvattaḥ) - from you, than you

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

ablative singular of yuṣmad

दुःखिततरः (duḥkhitataraḥ) - more distressed, more sorrowful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duḥkhitatara

duḥkhitatara - more distressed

comparative degree

comparative of duḥkhita (past passive participle from √duḥkh with tara suffix)

Root: duḥkh (class 10)

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king

आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of as

imperfect tense

root √as, imperfect 3rd singular active

Root: as (class 2)

पृथिवीपते (pṛthivīpate) - O lord of the earth

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pṛthivīpati

pṛthivīpati - lord of the earth, king

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (pṛthivī+pati)

• pṛthivī – earth
  noun (feminine)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)

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