महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-49, verse-33

अनक्षज्ञस्य हि सतो निकृत्या पापनिश्चयैः ।
भार्या च मे सभां नीता प्राणेभ्योऽपि गरीयसी ॥३३॥

33. anakṣajñasya hi sato nikṛtyā pāpaniścayaiḥ ,
bhāryā ca me sabhāṁ nītā prāṇebhyo'pi garīyasī.

33. anakṣajñasya hi sataḥ nikṛtyā pāpaniścayaiḥ
bhāryā ca me sabhām nītā prāṇebhyaḥ api garīyasī

33. Indeed, while I was unskilled in dice, my wife, who is dearer to me even than my life, was also brought to the assembly through the treachery of those with wicked intentions.

Words meanings summery:

• अनक्षज्ञस्य (anakṣajñasya) - Of Yudhiṣṭhira, who was inexpert in dice (of one unskilled in dice, of one who does not know dice)

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

• सतः (sataḥ) - while I was (being) (being, existing, present)

• निकृत्या (nikṛtyā) - by deceit, by treachery, by fraud

• पापनिश्चयैः (pāpaniścayaiḥ) - The gamblers (by those with wicked intentions, by those determined to do evil)

• भार्या (bhāryā) - Draupadī, Yudhiṣṭhira's wife (wife)

• च (ca) - and, also

• मे (me) - my, to me

• सभाम् (sabhām) - to the assembly, to the court, to the hall

• नीता (nītā) - led, brought, guided

• प्राणेभ्यः (prāṇebhyaḥ) - than my own life (than lives, than vital breaths)

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• गरीयसी (garīyasī) - dearer, heavier, more important, more excellent

Words meanings and morphology

अनक्षज्ञस्य (anakṣajñasya) - Of Yudhiṣṭhira, who was inexpert in dice (of one unskilled in dice, of one who does not know dice)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of anakṣajña

anakṣajña - unskilled in dice, not knowing dice

Compound with negative prefix 'a-'

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+akṣajña)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• akṣajña – knowing dice, skilled in dice
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Modifies `sataḥ`, referring to Yudhiṣṭhira.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the statement.

सतः (sataḥ) - while I was (being) (being, existing, present)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sat

sat - being, existing, good, true

Present Active Participle

From √as (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Used in genitive absolute construction, referring to Yudhiṣṭhira.

निकृत्या (nikṛtyā) - by deceit, by treachery, by fraud

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of nikṛti

nikṛti - deceit, treachery, fraud, depravity

From ni-√kṛ (to do, perform)

Prefix: ni

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: The means by which Draupadī was brought to the assembly.

पापनिश्चयैः (pāpaniścayaiḥ) - The gamblers (by those with wicked intentions, by those determined to do evil)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pāpaniścaya

pāpaniścaya - whose intention is evil, determined to do evil

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pāpa+niścaya)

• pāpa – evil, wicked, sin, bad
  noun (neuter)
• niścaya – determination, certainty, resolution
  noun (masculine)
  From ni-√ci (to gather, fix)
  Prefix: ni
  Root: ci (class 5)

Note: Refers to the gamblers. In apposition to implied agents of `nikṛtyā`.

भार्या (bhāryā) - Draupadī, Yudhiṣṭhira's wife (wife)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhāryā

bhāryā - wife

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle (feminine)

From √bhṛ (to bear, support), literally 'one to be supported'

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of the passive verb 'nītā'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

मे (me) - my, to me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of mad

mad - I

Note: Enclitic pronoun, possessive.

सभाम् (sabhām) - to the assembly, to the court, to the hall

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sabhā

sabhā - assembly, council, court, hall

Note: Indicates destination.

नीता (nītā) - led, brought, guided

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of nīta

nīta - led, brought, guided

Past Passive Participle

From √nī (to lead, carry)

Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Main verb in passive construction, agreeing with 'bhāryā'.

प्राणेभ्यः (prāṇebhyaḥ) - than my own life (than lives, than vital breaths)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, plural of prāṇa

prāṇa - breath, vital air, life, spirit

From pra-√an (to breathe)

Prefix: pra

Root: an (class 2)

Note: Used with 'garīyasī' for comparison 'dearer than life'.

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the comparison.

गरीयसी (garīyasī) - dearer, heavier, more important, more excellent

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of garīyas

garīyas - heavier, more important, more venerable, dearer

Comparative Adjective

Comparative form of guru (heavy, important)

Note: Agrees with `bhāryā`.