महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-49, verse-1

जनमेजय उवाच ।
अस्त्रहेतोर्गते पार्थे शक्रलोकं महात्मनि ।
युधिष्ठिरप्रभृतयः किमकुर्वन्त पाण्डवाः ॥१॥

1. janamejaya uvāca ,
astrahetorgate pārthe śakralokaṁ mahātmani ,
yudhiṣṭhiraprabhṛtayaḥ kimakurvanta pāṇḍavāḥ.

1. janamejayaḥ uvāca astrahetoḥ gate pārthe śakralokam
mahātmani yudhiṣṭhiraprabhṛtayaḥ kim akurvanta pāṇḍavāḥ

1. Janamejaya said, "When the great-souled (mahātman) Arjuna (Pārtha) had gone to Indra's realm for weapons, what then did the other Pandavas, led by Yudhishthira, do?"

Words meanings summery:

• जनमेजयः (janamejayaḥ) - Janamejaya

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• अस्त्रहेतोः (astrahetoḥ) - for the sake of weapons

• गते (gate) - having gone, departed

• पार्थे (pārthe) - referring to Arjuna (in Partha, to Partha)

• शक्रलोकम् (śakralokam) - to the realm/world of Indra

• महात्मनि (mahātmani) - in the great-souled Arjuna (in the great-souled one, the noble one)

• युधिष्ठिरप्रभृतयः (yudhiṣṭhiraprabhṛtayaḥ) - Yudhishthira and others, those led by Yudhishthira

• किम् (kim) - what

• अकुर्वन्त (akurvanta) - they did, they were doing

• पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pandavas

Words meanings and morphology

जनमेजयः (janamejayaḥ) - Janamejaya

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of janamejaya

janamejaya - Janamejaya (name of a king)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense (liṭ) formation of root vac with reduplication.

Root: vac (class 2)

अस्त्रहेतोः (astrahetoḥ) - for the sake of weapons

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of astrahetu

astrahetu - reason for weapons, sake of weapons

Compound type : tatpurusha (astra+hetu)

• astra – weapon, missile
  noun (neuter)
• hetu – cause, reason, motive
  noun (masculine)

गते (gate) - having gone, departed

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, arrived, passed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'gam' (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction

पार्थे (pārthe) - referring to Arjuna (in Partha, to Partha)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pritha (Kunti), Arjuna

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction

शक्रलोकम् (śakralokam) - to the realm/world of Indra

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śakraloka

śakraloka - world of Indra

Compound type : tatpurusha (śakra+loka)

• śakra – Indra (name of the Vedic deity)
  proper noun (masculine)
• loka – world, realm, region
  noun (masculine)

महात्मनि (mahātmani) - in the great-souled Arjuna (in the great-souled one, the noble one)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, magnanimous; the great (ātman)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction

युधिष्ठिरप्रभृतयः (yudhiṣṭhiraprabhṛtayaḥ) - Yudhishthira and others, those led by Yudhishthira

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yudhiṣṭhiraprabhṛti

yudhiṣṭhiraprabhṛti - Yudhishthira and others/etc.

Compound type : tatpurusha (yudhiṣṭhira+prabhṛti)

• yudhiṣṭhira – Yudhishthira (eldest Pandava)
  proper noun (masculine)
• prabhṛti – beginning, source; and so on, et cetera
  indeclinable (feminine)

किम् (kim) - what

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which; why, how (as adverb)

अकुर्वन्त (akurvanta) - they did, they were doing

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of kṛ

Imperfect tense (laṅ), 3rd person plural, middle voice (ātmanepada).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pandavas

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pandu, the Pandavas