महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-49, verse-43

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
विस्तरेणाहमिच्छामि नलस्य सुमहात्मनः ।
चरितं वदतां श्रेष्ठ तन्ममाख्यातुमर्हसि ॥४३॥

43. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
vistareṇāhamicchāmi nalasya sumahātmanaḥ ,
caritaṁ vadatāṁ śreṣṭha tanmamākhyātumarhasi.

43. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca vistareṇa aham icchāmi nalasya
sumahātmanaḥ caritam vadatām śreṣṭha tat mama ākhyātum arhasi

43. Yudhiṣṭhira said: 'O best of speakers, I wish to hear in detail the story of the very noble-minded Nala. Therefore, you should narrate that to me.'

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira (a specific person)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• विस्तरेण (vistareṇa) - in detail, extensively

• अहम् (aham) - I

• इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish, I desire

• नलस्य (nalasya) - of Nala

• सुमहात्मनः (sumahātmanaḥ) - of the very noble-minded, of the greatly magnanimous

• चरितम् (caritam) - story, deeds, conduct, life history

• वदताम् (vadatām) - of speakers, of those who speak

• श्रेष्ठ (śreṣṭha) - O best one (best, most excellent)

• तत् (tat) - that

• मम (mama) - to me, my

• आख्यातुम् (ākhyātum) - to narrate, to tell

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you should, you are able to, you deserve

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira (a specific person)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira (eldest Pāṇḍava brother)

One who is firm in battle (yudhi + sthira).

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect active

Class 2, Reduplicated Perfect, 3rd person singular.

Root: vac (class 2)

विस्तरेण (vistareṇa) - in detail, extensively

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vistara

vistara - extent, expanse, detail, elaboration

From root stṛ (to spread) with prefix vi.

Prefix: vi

Root: stṛ (class 9)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of aham

aham - I

First person pronoun.

इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish, I desire

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of iṣ

Class 6, present active, 1st person singular.

Root: iṣ (class 6)

नलस्य (nalasya) - of Nala

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of nala

nala - Nala (name of a king)

सुमहात्मनः (sumahātmanaḥ) - of the very noble-minded, of the greatly magnanimous

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sumahātman

sumahātman - very noble-minded, greatly magnanimous, very great (ātman)

su (good, very) + mahātman (great-souled).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+mahātman)

• su – good, well, very, excellent
  indeclinable
• mahātman – great-souled, noble-minded, magnanimous (ātman)
  adjective (masculine)
  Compound of mahā (great) and ātman (self, soul).

चरितम् (caritam) - story, deeds, conduct, life history

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of carita

carita - conducted, behaved, story, deed, history

Past Passive Participle (used as noun)

From root car (to move, to go, to act).

Root: car (class 1)

वदताम् (vadatām) - of speakers, of those who speak

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vadat

vadat - speaking, speaker

Present Active Participle

From root vad (to speak).

Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'śreṣṭha'.

श्रेष्ठ (śreṣṭha) - O best one (best, most excellent)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of śreṣṭha

śreṣṭha - best, most excellent, chief, principal

Superlative of praśasya (praiseworthy).

Note: Refers to Bṛhadaśva.

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

मम (mama) - to me, my

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

First person pronoun.

Note: Used with 'ākhyātum' implying 'to me'.

आख्यातुम् (ākhyātum) - to narrate, to tell

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

From root khyā with prefix ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: khyā (class 2)

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you should, you are able to, you deserve

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Class 1, present active, 2nd person singular.

Root: arh (class 1)