महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-49, verse-3

ततः कदाचिदेकान्ते विविक्त इव शाद्वले ।
दुःखार्ता भरतश्रेष्ठा निषेदुः सह कृष्णया ।
धनंजयं शोचमानाः साश्रुकण्ठाः सुदुःखिताः ॥३॥

3. tataḥ kadācidekānte vivikta iva śādvale ,
duḥkhārtā bharataśreṣṭhā niṣeduḥ saha kṛṣṇayā ,
dhanaṁjayaṁ śocamānāḥ sāśrukaṇṭhāḥ suduḥkhitāḥ.

3. tataḥ kadācid ekānte viviktaḥ iva
śādvale | duḥkhārtāḥ bharataśreṣṭhāḥ
niṣeduḥ saha kṛṣṇayā | dhanañjayaṃ
śocamānāḥ sāśrukaṇṭhāḥ suduḥkhitāḥ

3. Then, one day, in a secluded spot, like a quiet green pasture, the best among the Bhāratas (Pāṇḍavas), tormented by grief, sat down with Kṛṣṇā (Draupadī). They were extremely distressed, lamenting Dhananjaya (Arjuna) with tearful voices.

3. ואז, פעם אחת, במקום מבודד, כמו בשדה דשא נסתר, ישבו יחד עם קְרְשְׁנָה טובי בני בְּהַרַטַה, מוכי צער, מתאבלים על דְהַנַנְג׳ַיַה, עם גרון חנוק מדמעות ובצער עמוק מאוד.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

• कदाचित् (kadācit) - one day, sometimes, at some time

• एकान्ते (ekānte) - in a secluded place, in solitude

• विविक्तः (viviktaḥ) - secluded, lonely, distinct

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• शाद्वले (śādvale) - on a pasture, on a grassy spot

• दुःखार्ताः (duḥkhārtāḥ) - afflicted by sorrow, distressed

• भरतश्रेष्ठाः (bharataśreṣṭhāḥ) - Referring to the Pāṇḍavas. (the best among the Bhāratas)

• निषेदुः (niṣeduḥ) - they sat down

• सह (saha) - with, together with

• कृष्णया (kṛṣṇayā) - with Kṛṣṇā (Draupadī)

• धनञ्जयं (dhanañjayaṁ) - The Pāṇḍava Arjuna, who gathers wealth. (Dhananjaya, Arjuna)

• शोचमानाः (śocamānāḥ) - lamenting, grieving, mourning

• साश्रुकण्ठाः (sāśrukaṇṭhāḥ) - with tearful throats, having voices choked with tears

• सुदुःखिताः (suduḥkhitāḥ) - extremely distressed, very unhappy

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

(indeclinable)

कदाचित् (kadācit) - one day, sometimes, at some time

(indeclinable)

Compound of kadā (when) and cit (an indefinite particle).

एकान्ते (ekānte) - in a secluded place, in solitude

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ekānta

ekānta - solitude, a secluded place

Compound type : tatpurusha (eka+anta)

• eka – one, single, sole
  numeral
• anta – end, vicinity, secluded place
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ant (class 1)

विविक्तः (viviktaḥ) - secluded, lonely, distinct

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vivikta

vivikta - separated, solitary, clean, pure

Past Passive Participle

From √vic (to separate) with prefix vi-.

Prefix: vi

Root: vic (class 7)

Note: Agrees with śādvale implicitly or with ekānte as describing the nature of the spot.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

शाद्वले (śādvale) - on a pasture, on a grassy spot

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of śādvala

śādvala - grassy spot, pasture, turf

दुःखार्ताः (duḥkhārtāḥ) - afflicted by sorrow, distressed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of duḥkhārta

duḥkhārta - distressed by sorrow, pained

Compound type : tatpurusha (duḥkha+ārta)

• duḥkha – suffering, pain, sorrow
  noun (neuter)
• ārta – afflicted, pained, distressed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √ṛ (to go, to move) + ta suffix, or from √ṛ (to afflict).
  Root: ṛ (class 3)

Note: Agrees with bharataśreṣṭhāḥ.

भरतश्रेष्ठाः (bharataśreṣṭhāḥ) - Referring to the Pāṇḍavas. (the best among the Bhāratas)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bharataśreṣṭha

bharataśreṣṭha - best of the Bharatas

Compound type : tatpurusha (bharata+śreṣṭha)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata, name of a king, a clan name
  proper noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of praśasya (excellent).

Note: Subject of niṣeduḥ.

निषेदुः (niṣeduḥ) - they sat down

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of sad

Perfect Active

From √sad (to sit), perfect 3rd person plural, parasmaipada, with prefix ni-.

Prefix: ni

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: The prefix ni implies 'down'.

सह (saha) - with, together with

(indeclinable)

कृष्णया (kṛṣṇayā) - with Kṛṣṇā (Draupadī)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of kṛṣṇā

kṛṣṇā - Draupadī, the dark one

Note: Co-occurs with saha.

धनञ्जयं (dhanañjayaṁ) - The Pāṇḍava Arjuna, who gathers wealth. (Dhananjaya, Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhanañjaya

dhanañjaya - conqueror of wealth, name of Arjuna

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dhana+jayin)

• dhana – wealth, riches
  noun (neuter)
• jayin – victorious, conquering
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  From √ji (to conquer) with -in suffix.
  Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Object of śocamānāḥ.

शोचमानाः (śocamānāḥ) - lamenting, grieving, mourning

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śocamāna

śocamāna - lamenting, grieving

Present Active Participle (Ātmanepada)

From √śuc (to grieve, to burn), present participle, ātmanepada.

Root: śuc (class 1)

Note: Agrees with bharataśreṣṭhāḥ.

साश्रुकण्ठाः (sāśrukaṇṭhāḥ) - with tearful throats, having voices choked with tears

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sāśrukaṇṭha

sāśrukaṇṭha - having a throat full of tears, tearful voiced

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+aśru+kaṇṭha)

• sa – with, together with
  prefix
• aśru – tear
  noun (neuter)
• kaṇṭha – throat, neck, voice
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with bharataśreṣṭhāḥ.

सुदुःखिताः (suduḥkhitāḥ) - extremely distressed, very unhappy

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sudukhita

sudukhita - very much distressed, greatly pained

Compound type : tatpurusha (su+duḥkhita)

• su – very, good, well
  indeclinable
• duḥkhita – distressed, pained
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √duḥkh (to suffer) or nominal derivation from duḥkha.
  Root: duḥkh (class 10)

Note: Agrees with bharataśreṣṭhāḥ.

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