महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-49, verse-31

आश्वस्तं चैनमासीनमुपासीनो युधिष्ठिरः ।
अभिप्रेक्ष्य महाबाहुः कृपणं बह्वभाषत ॥३१॥

31. āśvastaṁ cainamāsīnamupāsīno yudhiṣṭhiraḥ ,
abhiprekṣya mahābāhuḥ kṛpaṇaṁ bahvabhāṣata.

31. āśvastam ca enam āsīnam upāsīnaḥ yudhiṣṭhiraḥ
abhiprekṣya mahābāhuḥ kṛpaṇam bahu abhāṣata

31. And Yudhiṣṭhira, the mighty-armed one (mahābāhuḥ), sitting near him (Kṛṣṇa) who was now comfortable and seated, looked at him and spoke many words in a pitiable tone.

Words meanings summery:

• आश्वस्तम् (āśvastam) - Kṛṣṇa, being comforted and settled (comforted, reassured, rested)

• च (ca) - and

• एनम् (enam) - Kṛṣṇa (him, this one)

• आसीनम् (āsīnam) - Kṛṣṇa, who was sitting (seated, sitting)

• उपासीनः (upāsīnaḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira, sitting near Kṛṣṇa (sitting near, attending, serving)

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira

• अभिप्रेक्ष्य (abhiprekṣya) - having seen, having perceived, having observed

• महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira (mighty-armed, great-armed)

• कृपणम् (kṛpaṇam) - pitiable, miserable, wretched

• बहु (bahu) - much, many

• अभाषत (abhāṣata) - spoke

Words meanings and morphology

आश्वस्तम् (āśvastam) - Kṛṣṇa, being comforted and settled (comforted, reassured, rested)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āśvasta

āśvasta - comforted, reassured, rested

Past Passive Participle

From √śvas (to breathe, confide) with prefix ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: śvas (class 2)

Note: Refers to the person being addressed, Kṛṣṇa.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एनम् (enam) - Kṛṣṇa (him, this one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Kṛṣṇa.

आसीनम् (āsīnam) - Kṛṣṇa, who was sitting (seated, sitting)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āsīna

āsīna - seated, sitting

Present Active Participle

From √ās (to sit)

Root: ās (class 2)

Note: Modifies `enam`.

उपासीनः (upāsīnaḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira, sitting near Kṛṣṇa (sitting near, attending, serving)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of upāsīna

upāsīna - sitting near, attending, serving

Present Active Participle

From √ās (to sit) with prefix upa-

Prefix: upa

Root: ās (class 2)

Note: Refers to Yudhiṣṭhira.

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira (name of the eldest Pāṇḍava brother)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

अभिप्रेक्ष्य (abhiprekṣya) - having seen, having perceived, having observed

(indeclinable)

absolutive

From √īkṣ (to see) with prefix abhi-pra-

Prefixes: abhi+pra

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Compound verb with upasargas.

महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira (mighty-armed, great-armed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - mighty-armed, great-armed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bāhu)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

Note: Epithet for Yudhiṣṭhira.

कृपणम् (kṛpaṇam) - pitiable, miserable, wretched

(indeclinable)

From √kṛp (to lament)

Root: kṛp (class 1)

Note: Used as an adverb here, modifying abhāṣata.

बहु (bahu) - much, many

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bahu

bahu - much, many, numerous

Note: Modifies implied 'words'.

अभाषत (abhāṣata) - spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhāṣ

Imperfect Middle

From √bhāṣ (1st class)

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)