महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-282, verse-7

तत्र भार्यासहायः स वृतो वृद्धैस्तपोधनैः ।
आश्वासितो विचित्रार्थैः पूर्वराज्ञां कथाश्रयैः ॥७॥

7. tatra bhāryāsahāyaḥ sa vṛto vṛddhaistapodhanaiḥ ,
āśvāsito vicitrārthaiḥ pūrvarājñāṁ kathāśrayaiḥ.

7. tatra bhāryāsahāyaḥ saḥ vṛtaḥ vṛddhaiḥ tapodhanaiḥ
āśvāsitaḥ vicitrārthaiḥ pūrvarājñām kathāśrayaiḥ

7. There, he, accompanied by his wife, was surrounded by aged ascetics (tapas) and consoled by various inspiring stories relating to ancient kings.

Words meanings summery:

• तत्र (tatra) - there (there, in that place)

• भार्यासहायः (bhāryāsahāyaḥ) - accompanied by his wife (accompanied by his wife, having his wife as companion)

• सः (saḥ) - he (the king) (he, that)

• वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - surrounded (surrounded, chosen, covered)

• वृद्धैः (vṛddhaiḥ) - by the aged (by the old, by the aged)

• तपोधनैः (tapodhanaiḥ) - by the ascetics (tapas) (by the ascetics, by those whose wealth is asceticism (tapas))

• आश्वासितः (āśvāsitaḥ) - consoled (consoled, comforted)

• विचित्रार्थैः (vicitrārthaiḥ) - by various inspiring stories (implying stories with diverse meanings/purposes) (by various meanings, by wonderful purposes)

• पूर्वराज्ञाम् (pūrvarājñām) - of ancient kings (rājā) (of former kings)

• कथाश्रयैः (kathāśrayaiḥ) - by stories (narratives) (by those based on stories, by narratives)

Words meanings and morphology

तत्र (tatra) - there (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

suffix -tra applied to tad (that)

भार्यासहायः (bhāryāsahāyaḥ) - accompanied by his wife (accompanied by his wife, having his wife as companion)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhāryāsahāya

bhāryāsahāya - accompanied by wife, with wife as companion

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhāryā+sahāya)

• bhāryā – wife
  noun (feminine)
  Root: bhṛ
• sahāya – companion, helper
  noun (masculine)
  Root: sāh

Note: Refers to the king, Dasharatha.

सः (saḥ) - he (the king) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he

nominative singular masculine of tad

Note: Refers to Dasharatha.

वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - surrounded (surrounded, chosen, covered)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛta

vṛta - surrounded, covered, chosen

Past Passive Participle

from root vṛ (to cover, surround)

Root: vṛ (class 5)

वृद्धैः (vṛddhaiḥ) - by the aged (by the old, by the aged)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vṛddha

vṛddha - old, aged, grown

Past Passive Participle

from root vṛdh (to grow)

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with tapodhanaiḥ.

तपोधनैः (tapodhanaiḥ) - by the ascetics (tapas) (by the ascetics, by those whose wealth is asceticism (tapas))

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tapodhana

tapodhana - one whose wealth is asceticism, ascetic, sage

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tapas+dhana)

• tapas – asceticism, penance, heat
  noun (neuter)
  Root: tap
• dhana – wealth, riches
  noun (neuter)
  Root: dhā

आश्वासितः (āśvāsitaḥ) - consoled (consoled, comforted)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āśvāsita

āśvāsita - consoled, comforted

Past Passive Participle

from root śvas (to breathe) with prefix ā (causative stem āśvāsaya)

Prefix: ā

Root: śvas (class 2)

विचित्रार्थैः (vicitrārthaiḥ) - by various inspiring stories (implying stories with diverse meanings/purposes) (by various meanings, by wonderful purposes)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vicitrārtha

vicitrārtha - having various meanings, having wonderful purposes

Compound type : karmadhāraya (vicitra+artha)

• vicitra – variegated, diverse, wonderful
  adjective (masculine)
• artha – meaning, purpose, wealth, thing
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ṛ

Note: Agrees with kathāśrayaiḥ.

पूर्वराज्ञाम् (pūrvarājñām) - of ancient kings (rājā) (of former kings)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pūrvarājan

pūrvarājan - former king, ancient monarch

Compound type : karmadhāraya (pūrva+rājan)

• pūrva – former, ancient, prior
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: pṛ
• rājan – king, monarch
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj

Note: Possessive case, modifying kathāśrayaiḥ.

कथाश्रयैः (kathāśrayaiḥ) - by stories (narratives) (by those based on stories, by narratives)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kathāśraya

kathāśraya - based on stories, consisting of stories

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kathā+āśraya)

• kathā – story, narrative, tale
  noun (feminine)
  Root: kath
• āśraya – refuge, support, basis
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: śri

Note: Serves as the primary instrumental noun that vicitrārthaiḥ and pūrvarājñām modify.