महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-282, verse-28

प्रागेव नागतं कस्मात्सभार्येण त्वया विभो ।
विरात्रे चागतं कस्मात्कोऽनुबन्धश्च तेऽभवत् ॥२८॥

28. prāgeva nāgataṁ kasmātsabhāryeṇa tvayā vibho ,
virātre cāgataṁ kasmātko'nubandhaśca te'bhavat.

28. prāk eva na āgatam kasmāt sabhāryeṇa tvayā vibho
virātre ca āgatam kasmāt kaḥ anubandhaḥ ca te abhavat

28. O Lord (vibho), why did you not arrive earlier with your wife? And why did you arrive so late in the night? What was the reason (anubandha) for your delay?

Words meanings summery:

• प्राक् (prāk) - earlier (before, earlier, eastward)

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only

• न (na) - not, no

• आगतम् (āgatam) - come, arrived

• कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why (why, from what)

• सभार्येण (sabhāryeṇa) - with your wife (Savitri) (with wife, accompanied by wife)

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• विभो (vibho) - O Satyavan (O lord, O powerful one)

• विरात्रे (virātre) - in the late night, deep night

• च (ca) - and

• आगतम् (āgatam) - come, arrived

• कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why (why, from what)

• कः (kaḥ) - what (who, what)

• अनुबन्धः (anubandhaḥ) - reason, cause for the delay (connection, consequence, sequence, reason, cause, purpose)

• च (ca) - and

• ते (te) - for you (to you, for you, your)

• अभवत् (abhavat) - occurred, became (was, became, occurred)

Words meanings and morphology

प्राक् (prāk) - earlier (before, earlier, eastward)

(indeclinable)

Note: Derived from `prāñc`.

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

आगतम् (āgatam) - come, arrived

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of āgata

āgata - come, arrived, approached, happened

Past Passive Participle

From `ā-√gam` (to come) with `kta` suffix.

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Past Passive Participle, nominative singular neuter when used impersonally with `tvayā`.

कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why (why, from what)

(pronoun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who, why

Ablative singular of `kim`.

सभार्येण (sabhāryeṇa) - with your wife (Savitri) (with wife, accompanied by wife)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sabhārya

sabhārya - accompanied by wife, with one's wife

`sa-` (with) + `bhāryā` (wife).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+bhāryā)

• sa – with, together with, having
  indeclinable
  Prefix for 'with'.
• bhāryā – wife, woman to be supported
  noun (feminine)
  Gerundive/Future Passive Participle
  From root `bhṛ` (to bear, support) with `ṇya` suffix, used as feminine noun.
  Root: bhṛ (class 1)

Note: Instrumental singular of the Bahuvrīhi compound.

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (2nd person pronoun)

Note: Instrumental singular.

विभो (vibho) - O Satyavan (O lord, O powerful one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vibhu

vibhu - omnipresent, mighty, powerful, lord, ruler, supreme being

From `vi-√bhū` (to be mighty).

Prefix: vi

Root: bhū (class 1)

विरात्रे (virātre) - in the late night, deep night

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of virātra

virātra - late night, deep night, passing the night

Compound of `vi` (indicating intensity or specific type) + `rātra` (night).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vi+rātra)

• vi – apart, asunder, denoting separation, distinction, intensity
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating intensity or specific type.
• rātra – night
  noun (neuter)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

आगतम् (āgatam) - come, arrived

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of āgata

āgata - come, arrived, approached, happened

Past Passive Participle

From `ā-√gam` (to come) with `kta` suffix.

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Past Passive Participle, nominative singular neuter when used impersonally.

कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why (why, from what)

(pronoun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who, why

Ablative singular of `kim`.

कः (kaḥ) - what (who, what)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who, why

Nominative singular masculine of `kim`.

अनुबन्धः (anubandhaḥ) - reason, cause for the delay (connection, consequence, sequence, reason, cause, purpose)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anubandha

anubandha - connection, attachment, sequence, concomitant, consequence, cause, purpose

From `anu-√bandh` (to bind after, connect).

Prefix: anu

Root: bandh (class 9)

Note: Subject of `abhavat`.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - for you (to you, for you, your)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (2nd person pronoun)

Dative/Genitive singular of `yuṣmad`.

Note: Enclitic pronoun, here dative singular.

अभवत् (abhavat) - occurred, became (was, became, occurred)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Root verb.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular.