महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-282, verse-42

एतत्सत्यं मयाख्यातं कारणं विस्तरेण वः ।
यथा वृत्तं सुखोदर्कमिदं दुःखं महन्मम ॥४२॥

42. etatsatyaṁ mayākhyātaṁ kāraṇaṁ vistareṇa vaḥ ,
yathā vṛttaṁ sukhodarkamidaṁ duḥkhaṁ mahanmama.

42. etat satyam mayā ākhyātam kāraṇam vistareṇa vaḥ
yathā vṛttam sukhodarkam idam duḥkham mahat mama

42. I have recounted to you in detail this truth, the cause of my great suffering, which ultimately led to a pleasant outcome, just as it transpired.

Words meanings summery:

• एतत् (etat) - this

• सत्यम् (satyam) - truth, reality

• मया (mayā) - by me

• आख्यातम् (ākhyātam) - narrated, recounted, told

• कारणम् (kāraṇam) - cause, reason

• विस्तरेण (vistareṇa) - in detail, extensively

• वः (vaḥ) - to you (plural), your

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, according to

• वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - happened, occurred, transpired, account, conduct

• सुखोदर्कम् (sukhodarkam) - having a pleasant outcome, leading to happiness

• इदम् (idam) - this

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - suffering, sorrow, misery

• महत् (mahat) - great, large, important

• मम (mama) - my, of me

Words meanings and morphology

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

सत्यम् (satyam) - truth, reality

(noun)

neuter, singular of satya

satya - truth, reality, true, real

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I, ego (ahaṅkāra)

आख्यातम् (ākhyātam) - narrated, recounted, told

(adjective)

neuter, singular of ākhyāta

ākhyāta - told, narrated, recounted

Past Passive Participle

From √khyā (to tell) with upasarga ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: khyā (class 2)

Note: Acts as predicate adjective.

कारणम् (kāraṇam) - cause, reason

(noun)

neuter, singular of kāraṇa

kāraṇa - cause, reason, instrument

From √kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

विस्तरेण (vistareṇa) - in detail, extensively

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vistara

vistara - extent, detail, expansion

Note: Used adverbially.

वः (vaḥ) - to you (plural), your

(pronoun)

plural of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Here, dative sense "to you".

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, according to

(indeclinable)

वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - happened, occurred, transpired, account, conduct

(adjective)

neuter, singular of vṛtta

vṛtta - occurred, happened, transpired, conduct, account

Past Passive Participle

From √vṛt (to be, to happen)

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Acts as a noun 'what happened'.

सुखोदर्कम् (sukhodarkam) - having a pleasant outcome, leading to happiness

(adjective)

neuter, singular of sukhodarka

sukhodarka - having a pleasant outcome, leading to happiness

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sukha+udarka)

• sukha – happiness, joy, comfort
  noun (neuter)
• udarka – consequence, outcome, future
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ut
  Root: ṛc (class 1)

Note: Agrees with duḥkham.

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - suffering, sorrow, misery

(noun)

neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - suffering, sorrow, misery, pain

महत् (mahat) - great, large, important

(adjective)

neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, important, powerful

Note: Agrees with duḥkham.

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of aham

aham - I, ego (ahaṅkāra)