महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-135, verse-18

तत इन्द्रो यवक्रीतमुपगम्य युधिष्ठिर ।
अब्रवीत्कस्य हेतोस्त्वमास्थितस्तप उत्तमम् ॥१८॥

18. tata indro yavakrītamupagamya yudhiṣṭhira ,
abravītkasya hetostvamāsthitastapa uttamam.

18. tataḥ indraḥ yavakrītam upagamya yudhiṣṭhira
abravīt kasya hetoḥ tvam āsthitaḥ tapaḥ uttamam

18. Then, O Yudhiṣṭhira, Indra approached Yavakrī and asked, "For what reason have you undertaken this supreme austerity (tapas)?"

18. אז ניגש אִינְדְרַה אל יַוַקְרִיטַה, הו יוּדְהִישְׁתְהִירַה, ואמר לו, מדוע נטלת על עצמך את התרגול העליון הזה?

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

• इन्द्रः (indraḥ) - Indra

• यवक्रीतम् (yavakrītam) - Yavakrī

• उपगम्य (upagamya) - having approached

• युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - O Yudhiṣṭhira

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said, spoke

• कस्य (kasya) - for what reason (of what, for what, whose)

• हेतोः (hetoḥ) - for what reason (for the sake of, on account of, reason)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• आस्थितः (āsthitaḥ) - undertaken austerity (tapas) (undertaken, engaged in, stood upon)

• तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity, penance, heat

• उत्तमम् (uttamam) - supreme austerity (supreme, excellent, best)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

(indeclinable)

इन्द्रः (indraḥ) - Indra

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of indra

indra - King of the gods, deity of rain and thunder

यवक्रीतम् (yavakrītam) - Yavakrī

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yavakrīta

yavakrīta - Yavakrī (proper noun, referring to the sage)

उपगम्य (upagamya) - having approached

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Absolutive (gerund) from root gam (to go) with upasarga upa.

Prefix: upa

Root: gam (class 1)

युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - O Yudhiṣṭhira

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - firm in battle; name of the eldest Pāṇḍava brother

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice. Root brū (class 2).

Root: brū (class 2)

कस्य (kasya) - for what reason (of what, for what, whose)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine/neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, who, which

हेतोः (hetoḥ) - for what reason (for the sake of, on account of, reason)

(noun)

masculine, singular of hetu

hetu - cause, reason, motive, instrument

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of tvam

yuṣmad - you (singular)

आस्थितः (āsthitaḥ) - undertaken austerity (tapas) (undertaken, engaged in, stood upon)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āsthita

āsthita - undertaken, engaged in, seated, situated

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root sthā (to stand) with upasarga ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity, penance, heat

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - austerity, penance, heat, religious mortification

उत्तमम् (uttamam) - supreme austerity (supreme, excellent, best)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of uttama

uttama - highest, best, excellent, supreme

Superlative form of ud (up, out)

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