महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-58, verse-43

सौबलस्त्वविचार्यैव जितकाशी मदोत्कटः ।
जितमित्येव तानक्षान्पुनरेवान्वपद्यत ॥४३॥

43. saubalastvavicāryaiva jitakāśī madotkaṭaḥ ,
jitamityeva tānakṣānpunarevānvapadyata.

43. saubalaḥ tu avicārya eva jitakāśī madotkaṭaḥ
jitam iti eva tān akṣān punar eva anvapadyata

43. But Saubala (Śakuni), without any consideration, boasting of his victory and arrogant, merely saying "Won!", once again seized those dice.

Words meanings summery:

• सौबलः (saubalaḥ) - Śakuni, the maternal uncle of Duryodhana (son of Subala, Śakuni)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet, on the other hand

• अविचार्य (avicārya) - without considering, without deliberating

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, quite

• जितकाशी (jitakāśī) - exulting in victory, boasting of victory

• मदोत्कटः (madotkaṭaḥ) - swollen with pride due to victory (arrogant, swollen with pride, highly intoxicated)

• जितम् (jitam) - won, conquered, gained

• इति (iti) - thus, so, indicating speech or thought

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, quite

• तान् (tān) - those

• अक्षान् (akṣān) - dice, gaming dice

• पुनर् (punar) - again, repeatedly

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, quite

• अन्वपद्यत (anvapadyata) - engaged with the dice again, i.e., resumed playing or throwing them (threw, obtained, seized, engaged with, pursued)

Words meanings and morphology

सौबलः (saubalaḥ) - Śakuni, the maternal uncle of Duryodhana (son of Subala, Śakuni)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saubala

saubala - son of Subala (Śakuni)

patronymic from Subala

Note: Subject of the sentence.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates a slight contrast or continuation.

अविचार्य (avicārya) - without considering, without deliberating

(indeclinable)

gerund

from root car with prefix vi and negative a, with suffix -ya (labhya)

Prefixes: a+vi

Root: car (class 1)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, quite

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the preceding word.

जितकाशी (jitakāśī) - exulting in victory, boasting of victory

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jitakāśin

jitakāśin - exulting in victory, boasting of victory

Compound type : tatpurusha (jita+kāśin)

• jita – won, conquered
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root ji
  Root: ji (class 1)
• kāśin – shining, appearing, boasting
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle (secondary sense)
  from root kāś + -in
  Root: kāś (class 1)

Note: Modifies Saubala.

मदोत्कटः (madotkaṭaḥ) - swollen with pride due to victory (arrogant, swollen with pride, highly intoxicated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of madotkaṭa

madotkaṭa - arrogant, swollen with pride, highly intoxicated

Compound type : tatpurusha (mada+utkaṭa)

• mada – intoxication, pride, arrogance
  noun (masculine)
• utkaṭa – excessive, intense, swollen
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Modifies Saubala.

जितम् (jitam) - won, conquered, gained

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jita

jita - won, conquered, gained

Past Passive Participle

from root ji, nominative singular neuter

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Used impersonally, 'it is won'.

इति (iti) - thus, so, indicating speech or thought

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, quite

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the preceding 'jitam iti'.

तान् (tān) - those

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Modifies 'akṣān'.

अक्षान् (akṣān) - dice, gaming dice

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of akṣa

akṣa - die (for gaming), axle, eye

Note: Object of 'anvapadyata'.

पुनर् (punar) - again, repeatedly

(indeclinable)

Note: Reinforces the idea of repetition.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, quite

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the repetition.

अन्वपद्यत (anvapadyata) - engaged with the dice again, i.e., resumed playing or throwing them (threw, obtained, seized, engaged with, pursued)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of pad

Imperfect

3rd person singular, middle voice (ātmanepada), from root pad with prefixes anu and ava

Prefixes: anu+ava

Root: pad (class 4)